Immune modulatory effects

BC, Chen L, Hartung HP, Weller M, Wiendl H Interferon-(5 enhances monocyte and dendritic cell expression of B7-H1 (PD-Ll), a strong inhibitor of autologous T-cell activation relevance for the immune modulatory effect in multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 2004 155 172-182. 

Several in vitro and in vivo studies have evaluated the cytotoxic effect of saponins against tumors. In general, it is difficult to separate the anticarcenogenic effects of saponins from their immune-modulatory effects. However, few studies have looked at these two events sequentially. 

The data demonstrate a significant and biological relevant effect of dietetic prebio-tics on the postnatal development of the immune system. The most conclusive data exists for a mixture of GOS/lcFOS. The mechanism behind the immune modulatory effects of the studied prebiotic oligosaccharides is not fully understood yet. However, the finding in the human trial is in accordance with the results obtained from animal models demonstrating an active strengthening of the immune system. This indicates that these prebiotics would serve as an effective and safe tool for prevention of infection and allergies. 

Green tea and EGCG exhibited chemopieventive effects against the adverse effects of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and cigarette smoking. They have also shown immune modulatory effects and ameliorated immune dysfunction in mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma. ... 

To investigate the question of whether macrolide action is due to direct immune modulatory effects or antibacterial effects more deeply, screens were executed to discover macrolides that are both non-antibacterial and anti-inflammatoty. The compound on the left in Figure 6.1, CSY0073, is one example of the structures identified through those efforts, as compared to azithromycin shown on the right. 

Vos, A. P., M Rabet, L., Stahl, B., Boehm, G. Garssen, J. (2007). Immune-modulatory effects and potential working mechanisms of orally applied nondigestible carbohydrates. 

De Pablo, M.A. and De Cienfuegos, G.A. 2000. Modulatory effects of dietary lipids in the immune system. Immunol. Cell. Biol. 78, 31. 

Ghanmi, Z., M. Rouabhia, M. Alifuddin, D. Troutaud and P. Deschaux. Modulatory effect of metal ions on the immune response of fish in vivo and in vitro influence of MnCl2 on NK activity of carp pronephros cells. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 20 241-245, 1990. 

Neutrophil secondary granules contain lL-12 [50, 51], an immune-modulatory cytokine able to exert antiangiogenic effects possibly mediated... 

Early studies revealed that ginseng possesses biomodulatory effects on the higher centers of the central nervous system, facilitating both physical and mental activities. It has a noteworthy effect on the endocrine system, regulating the blood sugar level as demonstrated in alloxan diabetics. Recent experimental and clinical studies concluded that it has a wide range of effects, such as a remarkable anti-shock effect in circulatory failure, modulatory effects on the immune functions, modulation of cellular metabolic processes, modulation of neuroendocrine system activities, improvement of learning and memory processes, and others (see Tab. 12). 

Zhou, H., Deng, Y., and Xie, Q. 2006. The modulatory effects of the volatile oil of ginger on the cellular immune response in vitro and in vivo in mice. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 705(1-2), 301-5. 

Flavonoids possess a broad spectrum of biological actions ranging from anticarcinogenic to antiinflammatory, cardioprotective, immune-modulatory, and antiviral. The mechanisms by which flavonoids cause these effects may include induction of the activity of some important enzymes while inhibiting the activity of others. Modulation of membrane function, including the activity of membrane-bound... 

In addition to their use as pharmacological tools, selective 8 opioid antagonists may have clinical potential in the treatment of a variety of disorders where endogenous opioids play a modulatory role, e.g. disorders of food intake, shock, constipation, mental disorders, CNS injury, alcoholism, drug addiction and immune function (Spetea et al., 2001). It is also worth mentioning that 8 antagonists have been shown to possess an antitussive effects in rodents, thus indicating another possible clinical application for these compounds (Kamei et al., 1994). 

A modulatory, predominantly inhibitory effect of serotonin reuptake inhibiting drugs on activation of proinflammatory immune parameters was demonstrated in animal experiments (Bengtsson et al., 1992 Song and Leonard, 1994 Zhu et al., 1994). 

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