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Hydroxylation radical

Sonoelectrochemistry has been employed in a number of fields such as in electroplating for the achievement of deposits and films of higher density and superior quality, in the deposition of conducting polymers, in the generation of highly active metal particles and in electroanalysis. Furtlienuore, the sonolysis of water to produce hydroxyl radicals can be exploited to initiate radical reactions in aqueous solutions coupled to electrode reactions. [Pg.1943]

NO generally catalyses tliel consumption by transfomiing hydroperoxyl radicals into highly-reactive hydroxyl radicals ... [Pg.2117]

In many of the processes, it is believed that hydroxyl radicals, OH-, are formed and that some of these unite to form hydrogen peroxide ... [Pg.277]

Humphlett and Lamon (522) have recently studied the intermediary compounds of this reaction and have shown with the help of infrared and ultraviolet spectroscopy that 176 was not present in the reaction mixture (Scheme 90) instead, a compound containing an hydroxyl radical and not a carbonyl function was present (Scheme 91). [Pg.269]

Table 4. Median Concentration of the Ten Most Abundant Ambient Air Hydrocarbons in 39 U.S. Cities and Their Reactivity with Hydroxyl Radical... Table 4. Median Concentration of the Ten Most Abundant Ambient Air Hydrocarbons in 39 U.S. Cities and Their Reactivity with Hydroxyl Radical...
The fine antimony mist formed from the decomposition of the trichloride also participates in the flame-inhibiting process, deactivating oxygen, hydrogen, and hydroxyl radicals. [Pg.457]

Products other than hydroperoxides are formed in oxidations by reactions such as those of equations 11 and 12. Hydroxyl radicals (from eq. 4) are very energetic hydrogen abstractors the product is water (eq. 11). [Pg.335]

Ethylene oxide is a coproduct, probably formed by the reaction of ethylene and HOO (124—126). Chain branching also occurs through further oxidation of ethylene hydroxyl radicals are the main chain centers of propagation (127). [Pg.341]

A third source of initiator for emulsion polymerisation is hydroxyl radicals created by y-radiation of water. A review of radiation-induced emulsion polymerisation detailed efforts to use y-radiation to produce styrene, acrylonitrile, methyl methacrylate, and other similar polymers (60). The economics of y-radiation processes are claimed to compare favorably with conventional techniques although worldwide iadustrial appHcation of y-radiation processes has yet to occur. Use of y-radiation has been made for laboratory study because radical generation can be turned on and off quickly and at various rates (61). [Pg.26]

Only 20—40% of the HNO is converted ia the reactor to nitroparaffins. The remaining HNO produces mainly nitrogen oxides (and mainly NO) and acts primarily as an oxidising agent. Conversions of HNO to nitroparaffins are up to about 20% when methane is nitrated. Conversions are, however, often ia the 36—40% range for nitrations of propane and / -butane. These differences ia HNO conversions are explained by the types of C—H bonds ia the paraffins. Only primary C—H bonds exist ia methane and ethane. In propane and / -butane, both primary and secondary C—H bonds exist. Secondary C—H bonds are considerably weaker than primary C—H bonds. The kinetics of reaction 6 (a desired reaction for production of nitroparaffins) are hence considerably higher for both propane and / -butane as compared to methane and ethane. Experimental results also iadicate for propane nitration that more 2-nitropropane [79-46-9] is produced than 1-nitropropane [108-03-2]. Obviously the hydroxyl radical attacks the secondary bonds preferentially even though there are more primary bonds than secondary bonds. [Pg.36]

In the presence of water vapor, oxygen atoms formed by uv radiation react to form hydroxyl radicals (35), which can destroy ozone catalyticaHy. [Pg.491]

Aqueous Phase. In contrast to photolysis of ozone in moist air, photolysis in the aqueous phase can produce hydrogen peroxide initially because the hydroxyl radicals do not escape the solvent cage in which they are formed (36). [Pg.491]

Hydrogen peroxide is photolyzed slowly to hydroxyl radicals, which decompose ozone. [Pg.491]

Oxygen Compounds. Although hydrogen peroxide is unreactive toward ozone at room temperature, hydroperoxyl ion reacts rapidly (39). The ozonide ion, after protonation, decomposes to hydroxyl radicals and oxygen. Hydroxyl ions react at a moderate rate with ozone (k = 70). [Pg.492]

The stability of the alkali metal ozonides increases from Li to Cs alkaline-earth ozonides exhibit a similar stability pattern. Reaction of metal ozonides with water proceeds through the intermediate formation of hydroxyl radicals. [Pg.492]

Effect of Hydroxyl Radicals on Ozone Depletion. Hydroxyl radicals, formed by reaction of ( D) oxygen atoms with water or CH, can destroy ozone catalyticahy (11,32) as shown in the following reactions. [Pg.495]

Peroxonitrous acid can decompose by two pathways isomerization to nitric acid, and dissociation into the hydroxyl radical and nitrogen dioxide. [Pg.93]

The hydroxyl radical is responsible for some of the oxidation products of organic compounds by peroxonitrous acid. [Pg.93]

Pulse radiolysis results (74) have led other workers to conclude that adsorbed OH radicals (surface trapped holes) are the principal oxidants, whereas free hydroxyl radicals probably play a minor role, if any. Because the OH radical reacts with HO2 at a diffusion controlled rate, the reverse reaction, that is desorption of OH to the solution, seems highly unlikely. The surface trapped hole, as defined by equation 18, accounts for most of the observations which had previously led to the suggestion of OH radical oxidation. The formation of H2O2 and the observations of hydroxylated intermediate products could all occur via... [Pg.405]

Electrolyzers. Electrolytic units have been marketed that claim to generate active species such as hydroxyl radicals and oxygen atoms. [Pg.297]

A chlorohydrin has been defined (1) as a compound containing both chloio and hydroxyl radicals, and chlorohydrins have been described as compounds having the chloro and the hydroxyl groups on adjacent carbon atoms (2). Common usage of the term appHes to aUphatic compounds and does not include aromatic compounds. Chlorohydrins are most easily prepared by the reaction of an alkene with chlorine and water, though other methods of preparation ate possible. The principal use of chlorohydrins has been as intermediates in the production of various oxitane compounds through dehydrochlorination. [Pg.70]

One method of generating hydroxyl radicals is by a dding a soluble iron salt to an acid solution of hydrogen peroxide (Fenton s reagent) (176—180), ie ... [Pg.383]


See other pages where Hydroxylation radical is mentioned: [Pg.2073]    [Pg.498]    [Pg.369]    [Pg.456]    [Pg.287]    [Pg.44]    [Pg.337]    [Pg.220]    [Pg.276]    [Pg.266]    [Pg.493]    [Pg.494]    [Pg.496]    [Pg.502]    [Pg.93]    [Pg.398]    [Pg.403]    [Pg.405]    [Pg.352]    [Pg.487]    [Pg.61]    [Pg.219]    [Pg.122]    [Pg.524]    [Pg.524]    [Pg.68]    [Pg.163]    [Pg.128]    [Pg.383]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.95 , Pg.118 ]




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2 -deoxyguanosine reaction with hydroxyl radical

2-deoxyribose hydroxyl radical-mediated oxidation

A-hydroxyl radicals

Absorption spectrum hydroxyl radical

Acetaldehyde hydroxyl radical reaction

Acetaldehyde reaction with hydroxyl radicals

Acetylene hydroxyl radical reaction

Acetylene, reaction with hydroxyl radicals

Addition of hydroxyl radicals to double and triple bonds

Adsorption hydroxyl radicals

Alcohols reaction with hydroxyl radical

Aldehydes hydroxyl radical reaction

Alkanes hydroxyl radical reaction

Alkenes hydroxyl radical reactions

Alkenes reactions with hydroxyl radical

Alkyl nitrates hydroxyl radical reactions

Amines hydroxyl radical reaction

Amino acids hydroxyl radical

Amino acids with hydroxyl radicals

Ammonia hydroxyl radical reaction

Aqueous solution data rate constant with hydroxyl radical

Aromatic amines reactions with hydroxyl radical

Aromatic hydrocarbons hydroxyl radical reactions

Aromatic hydroxyl radicals with

Aromatic rings radical hydroxylation

Atmospheric photolysis rate with hydroxyl radical

Carbon disulfide hydroxyl radical reaction

Carbon monoxide hydroxyl radical reaction

Carbon monoxide, reaction with hydroxyl radicals

Carbonates reaction with hydroxyl radical

Carbonyl sulfide hydroxyl radical reaction

Carboxylic acids hydroxyl radical reactions with

Competition kinetics, hydroxyl radical

Dienes with hydroxyl radicals

Dimethyl sulfide hydroxyl radical reaction

Dimethyl sulfoxide hydroxyl radical, reaction with

Ethane rate constant with hydroxyl radical

Ferryl radicals hydroxylation of alkanes

Flavones hydroxylation by free-radicals

Formaldehyde hydroxyl radical reaction

Formaldehyde reaction with hydroxyl radicals

Free-radicals hydroxylation

Free-radicals hydroxylation, mechanism

Generation of hydroxyl radicals by ferredoxin systems

Hole Transfer through the Intermediate Formation of Hydroxyl Radicals

Hydrated electron hydroxyl radical reactions

Hydrazines hydroxyl radical reaction

Hydrocarbons hydroxyl radicals

Hydrogen peroxide decomposition hydroxyl radicals

Hydrogen sulfide, hydroxyl radical reaction

Hydrogen, reaction with hydroxyl radicals

Hydrogenolysis Hydroxyl radical

Hydroxyl Radical (OH)

Hydroxyl Radical comparison

Hydroxyl Radical-Mediated 2-Deoxyribose Oxidation Reactions

Hydroxyl Radicals in the Troposphere

Hydroxyl anion radical

Hydroxyl free radical

Hydroxyl group radicals

Hydroxyl radical

Hydroxyl radical (atmospheric vacuum

Hydroxyl radical Fenton reaction

Hydroxyl radical Pycnogenol

Hydroxyl radical Subject

Hydroxyl radical abstraction

Hydroxyl radical addition

Hydroxyl radical adducts

Hydroxyl radical alcohol reactions

Hydroxyl radical aliphatic hydrocarbons

Hydroxyl radical amino acid reactions

Hydroxyl radical ammonia

Hydroxyl radical aromatic amino acids

Hydroxyl radical aromatic hydrocarbons

Hydroxyl radical asbestos

Hydroxyl radical atmospheric detergent

Hydroxyl radical atmospheric lifetime

Hydroxyl radical atmospheric lifetimes, 252, Table

Hydroxyl radical attack

Hydroxyl radical biological system oxidation

Hydroxyl radical carbon monoxide

Hydroxyl radical carbonate ions

Hydroxyl radical carboxylic acid reactions

Hydroxyl radical chemical measurement

Hydroxyl radical chlorinated compounds, 250, Table

Hydroxyl radical chlorinated hydrocarbons

Hydroxyl radical competition

Hydroxyl radical competition kinetics method

Hydroxyl radical concentration change

Hydroxyl radical concentrations

Hydroxyl radical determination

Hydroxyl radical diffusion distance

Hydroxyl radical dimethyl sulfide

Hydroxyl radical disproportionate

Hydroxyl radical electrolytic

Hydroxyl radical electron transfer

Hydroxyl radical electrophilic addition

Hydroxyl radical evidence, experimental

Hydroxyl radical footprinting

Hydroxyl radical formaldehyde

Hydroxyl radical formation

Hydroxyl radical formation from peroxynitrite

Hydroxyl radical from hydroperoxide photolysis

Hydroxyl radical gaseous phase

Hydroxyl radical halide ions

Hydroxyl radical histidine

Hydroxyl radical hydrogen abstraction

Hydroxyl radical hydrogen peroxide

Hydroxyl radical hydrogen sulfide

Hydroxyl radical in atmosphere

Hydroxyl radical industrial chemical

Hydroxyl radical initiation

Hydroxyl radical leucine

Hydroxyl radical lifetime

Hydroxyl radical luminol chemiluminescence

Hydroxyl radical lysine

Hydroxyl radical methane

Hydroxyl radical modification for probing ribose moieties

Hydroxyl radical molecular hydrogen

Hydroxyl radical naphthalene, reaction, products

Hydroxyl radical nitric acid

Hydroxyl radical nitric acid reaction

Hydroxyl radical nitric oxide

Hydroxyl radical nitric oxide reaction

Hydroxyl radical nitrogen dioxide

Hydroxyl radical nitrogen dioxide reaction

Hydroxyl radical number density

Hydroxyl radical overview

Hydroxyl radical oxidation, formation

Hydroxyl radical oxidation-reduction cycle

Hydroxyl radical oxidative modification

Hydroxyl radical ozone

Hydroxyl radical phase

Hydroxyl radical phenols

Hydroxyl radical primary species

Hydroxyl radical probe

Hydroxyl radical production from alkene

Hydroxyl radical production from reaction

Hydroxyl radical proline

Hydroxyl radical protein oxidation

Hydroxyl radical quantification

Hydroxyl radical quenching

Hydroxyl radical radiolysis product

Hydroxyl radical rate constants

Hydroxyl radical reaction rate

Hydroxyl radical reaction rate atmosphere

Hydroxyl radical reaction rates, 245, Table

Hydroxyl radical reaction with

Hydroxyl radical reaction with alkanes

Hydroxyl radical reaction with bromide

Hydroxyl radical reaction with nitric oxide

Hydroxyl radical reaction with nucleic acids

Hydroxyl radical reaction with nucleobases

Hydroxyl radical reactions with aromatic compounds

Hydroxyl radical reactions with nitrogen oxides

Hydroxyl radical reactivity scale

Hydroxyl radical recombination

Hydroxyl radical saturated hydrocarbons

Hydroxyl radical scavenger

Hydroxyl radical scavenging

Hydroxyl radical silica

Hydroxyl radical sources

Hydroxyl radical stratosphere

Hydroxyl radical sulfur dioxide

Hydroxyl radical sulfur dioxide reaction

Hydroxyl radical sulfur-containing amino acids

Hydroxyl radical systems

Hydroxyl radical thymine oxidation

Hydroxyl radical toxicity scavengers

Hydroxyl radical transformations

Hydroxyl radical trapping, alkali cellulose

Hydroxyl radical tropospheric

Hydroxyl radical unsaturated hydrocarbons

Hydroxyl radical valine

Hydroxyl radical water

Hydroxyl radical with hydrogen peroxide, reaction

Hydroxyl radical with oxygen-containing organics

Hydroxyl radical, bond angle

Hydroxyl radical, generation by Fenton

Hydroxyl radical, lipid peroxidation

Hydroxyl radical, lipid peroxidation initiation

Hydroxyl radical, photochemical

Hydroxyl radical, preparation

Hydroxyl radical, scavenging effect

Hydroxyl radicals Hydroxylation

Hydroxyl radicals abundance

Hydroxyl radicals atom reaction with

Hydroxyl radicals atoms

Hydroxyl radicals chemical reactions

Hydroxyl radicals fuel cell membrane stability

Hydroxyl radicals generation mechanisms

Hydroxyl radicals reaction with gaseous

Hydroxyl radicals reactions with hydrocarbons

Hydroxyl radicals soils

Hydroxyl radicals toxicity

Hydroxyl radicals tropospheric formation

Hydroxyl radicals, abstraction reactions

Hydroxyl radicals, and oxidation

Hydroxyl radicals, aryl halides

Hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen

Hydroxyl radicals, lignin degradation

Hydroxyl radicals, ozone destruction

Hydroxyl radicals, production

Hydroxyl radicals, reaction with methane

Hydroxyl radicals, reactions

Hydroxyl radicals, reactivity

Hydroxyl radicals, troposphere

Hydroxyl reaction with sulfate radical

Hydroxyl-Radical-Induced Reactions

Hydroxylation and Amination of Carbon-Centered Radicals

Hydroxyls radicals, generation

I) ions act as a source of hydroxyl radicals

Indirect Photolysis in the Atmosphere (Troposphere)— Reactions with Hydroxyl Radical (HO)

Indirect photolysis with hydroxyl radical

Inorganic hydroxyl radical

Iron hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide

Iron hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide determination

Iron-bound hydroxyl radical

Isoprene hydroxyl radical reaction

Lead dioxidepreparation of hydroxyl radical

Lipids hydroxyl radical

Luminol hydroxyl radical

Measurement methods hydroxyl radical

Membrane chemical degradation hydroxyl radicals

Metal hydroxyl radical

Metal ions, hydroxyl radical generation

Methanol hydroxyl radical reaction

Methanol rate constant with hydroxyl radical

Methyl radical reaction with hydroxyl

Nafion membranes hydroxyl radicals

Nitric acid, tropospheric hydroxyl radical

Nitro compounds reaction with hydroxyl radical

Nitrous acid hydroxyl radical reaction

Organic hydroxyl radical

Oxidation by Hydroxyl Radical and hydrogen atoms

Oxidation by hydroxyl radicals

Oxidation hydroxyl radical

Oxidation of transition metal complexes by hydroxyl radicals

Oxidative Degradation of Organic Matter by Hydroxyl Radicals

Oxygen atom state, forming hydroxyl radicals

Oxygen hydroxyl radicals

Oxygen-containing compounds hydroxyl radical reaction

Peptides hydroxyl radical

Peroxides, Peroxyl, and Hydroxyl Radicals

Peroxynitrite hydroxyl radical reactivity

Peroxynitrite hydroxyl radical-like

Petroleum reactions with hydroxyl radical

Photochemical smog hydroxyl radical

Photolysis involving hydroxyl radical formation

Production of Hydroxyl Radicals in the Troposphere

Propane reaction with hydroxyl radicals

Purines hydroxylation by free-radicals

Quinolines hydroxylation by free-radicals

Radical Hydroxylation (Addition-Elimination)

Radical chemistry hydroxylation

Radical hydroxyl functionalized polyesters

Radical hydroxylations

Radical hydroxylations

Radical peroxyl hydroxyl

Radicals, alkoxyl hydroxyl

Rate constant with hydroxyl radical

Rate constant with hydroxyl radical in troposphere

Rate constants hydroxyl radical reactions

Rationale for Hydroxyl Radicals as a Probe

Reactive oxygen species hydroxyl radical

Reactive species hydroxyl radical

Reduction hydroxyl radical

Standard potential hydroxyl radical

Sulfuric acid reaction with hydroxyl radicals

The Hydroxyl Radical

The Production of Hydroxyl Radicals in Biological Systems

The Reaction Between Methane and Hydroxyl Radical

The Role of Hydroxyl Radicals

Thymine hydroxyl radical-mediated oxidation

Upper troposphere hydroxyl radical

Uracils hydroxylation by free-radicals

With Oxygen, Ozone, and the Hydroxyl Radical OH

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