Hydrocarbon receptors

The biological properties of dioxin include an ability to bind to a protein known as the AH (aromatic hydrocarbon) receptor Dioxin IS not a hydrocarbon but it shares a certain structural property with aromatic hydrocarbons Try constructing molecular models of dioxin and anthracene to see these similarities... 

The biological properties of dioxin include an ability to bind to a protein known as the AH (aromatic hydrocarbon) receptor. 

Indolo[3,2-fi]carbazole (4) has also been the focus of many recent studies, since the discovery in the 1980s that 4 and several derivatives thereof are powerful aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) ligands. The remaining three isomers have been more... 

The most recent synthetic efforts in this area have focused on the preparation of mono- and diformyl-substituted indolo[3,2-l)]carbazoles 202 and 203, which are potent aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) ligands (cf. Section V,C). 

C. Biological Effects 1. Background The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor... 

Eernandez-Salguero, P.M., Hilbert, D.M., Rudikoff, S. et al. (1996). Aryl-hydrocarbon receptor-deficient mice are resistant to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-induced toxicity. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 140, 173-179. 

Ah receptor (Aryl hydrocarbon receptor) A receptor located on a cytoplasmic protein to which planar componnds snch as PAHs, coplanar PCBs, and PCDDs bind. Binding initiates the indnction of cytochrome P4501A1/2. 

Marlowe, J.L. and Puga, A. (2005). Aryl hydrocarbon receptor, cell cycle regulation, toxicity, and tumorigenesis. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 96, 1174-1184. 

Okey, A.B. (2007). Special contribution—An aryl hydrocarbon receptor odyssey to the shores of toxicology The Deichmann Lecture, International Congress of Toxicology-XI. Toxicological Sciences 98, 5-38. 

Pocar, P., Fischer, B., and Klonisch, T. et al. (2005). Molecular interactions of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and its biological and toxicological relevance for reproduction. Reproduction 129, 379-389. 

Safe, S. (2001). PCBs as aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonists. In PCBs Recent Advances in Experimental Toxicology and Health Effects. L.W. Robertson and L.G. Hansen (Eds.) Lexington University of Kentucky Press, 171-178. 

Hu J, X Jin, S Kunikane, Y Terao, T Aizawa (2006) Transformation of pyrene in aqueous chlorination in the presence and absence of bromide kinetics, products, and their aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated activities. Environ Sci Technol 40 487-493. 

Horii Y, Khim JS, Higley EB, Giesy JP, Ohura T, Kannan K (2009) Relative potencies of individual chlorinated and brominated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for induction of aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated responses. Environ Sci Technol 43(6) 2159-2165. doi 10.102 l/es8030402... 

AhR Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (also known as dioxin receptor)... 

Sunscreens and their degradation metabolites analyzed in this study are potential inducers of the oestrogen (ER) and aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AhR, also known as Dioxin Receptor). Ectopic activation of these pathways can cause severe damage to organisms and their ecosystem by altering reproduction, hormonal and/or circulatory systems [73-75] as well as they have been associated with carcinogenic and mutagenic effects [76-78]. 

PCB alone, but not TBT alone, induced cytosolic 16 aryl hydrocarbon receptor and cytochrome P-4501 A activities... 

Quensen, J.F., III, M.A. Mousa, S.A. Boyd, B.J.T. Sanderson, K.L. Froese, and J.P. Giesy. 1998. Reduction of aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated activity of polychlorinated biphenyl mixtures due to anaerobic microbial dechlorination. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 17 806-813. 

Funatake, C.J. et al., Cutting edge activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin generates a population of CD4+ CD25+ cells with characteristics of regulatory T cells, J. Immunol., 175, 4184, 2005. 

Lawrence, B.P. and Vorderstrasse, B.A., Activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor diminishes the memory response to homotypic influenza virus infection but does not impair host resistance, Toxicol. Sci., 79, 304, 2004. 

Dudley, A.C., et al., An aryl hydrocarbon receptor independent mechanism of JP-8 jet fuel immunotoxicity in AH-responsive and AH-nonresponsive mice, Toxicol. Sci., 59 251, 2001. 

Vorderstrasse, B.A., et. al., Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-deficient mice generate normal immune responses to model antigens and are resistant to TCDD-induced immune suppression, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 171, 157, 2001. 

Matsen, S. and Shiverick, K., Characterization of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor complex in humanB lymphocytes Evidence for a distinct nuclear DNA-binding form, A rch. Biochem. Biophys., 36, 1996. 

Yamaguchi, K., et. al., Activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor/transcription factor and bone marrow stromal cell-dependent pre-B cell apoptosis, J. Immunol., 158, 2165,1997. 

Marcus, R., Holsapple, M., and Kaminski, N., Lipopolysaccharide activation of murine splenocytes and splenic B cells increased the expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor and aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator, J. Pharmacol. Exper. Therap.. 287, 1113, 1998. 

Puga, A., et. al., Aromatic hydrocarbon receptor interaction with the retinoblastoma protein potentiates repression of E2F-dependent transcription and cell cycle arrest, J. Biol. Chem., 275, 2943, 2000. 

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