House Waste Reduction

Some chemicals may be reacted to produce compounds that are acceptable for regular disposal, but this should be a matter of discussion wdth appropriate authorities. Solutions of non-volatile but hazardous materials may be evaporated to low volume, while volatile solvents could be reclaimed by distillation. Although organics and biological materials may be incinerated, just getting a permit for operating an incinerator is a complex 

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Other examples of in-house waste reduction programs are found at Borden Chemical Company in Fremont, CA, and at Emerson Electric Company in Murphy, North Carolina (Huisingh 1985). 

EPA and ICF Consulting Associates (1990) Solvent Waste Reduction, Noyes Data Corporation, Park Ridge, NJ. Survey of the US requirements on discharge of solvents and the various options, such as reuse, recycling, incineration, cement kUn fuel available. Applicable mostly to the small operator with in-house facilities. 

Methods of waste reduction, waste reuse and recycling are the preferred options when managing waste. There are many environmental benefits that can be derived from the use of these methods. They reduce or prevent green house gas emissions, reduce the release of pollutants, conserve resources, save energy and reduce the demand for waste treatment technology and landfill space. Therefore it is advisable that these methods be adopted and incorporated as part of the waste management plan. This chapter will highlight the use of clays in such processes. 

Electroplating is done both in job shops, where a customer s work is plated, and in captive (in-house) shops. There were reported to be about 7500 plating plants in the United States (4) in 1992. This is a decrease from the ca 12,000 reported by the same source in 1980. The reduction, particularly in the number of smaller job shops, is related to the problems in meeting the waste regulations imposed on plating shop effluents. 

A small percentage of the buildings in the United States with indoor radon concentrations in excess of 4 pCi/L can be attributed to building materials. Most of the building material problems have arisen from the use of known radium- or uranium-rich wastes such as aggregate in block or as backfill around houses. None of the houses studied in the U.S. EPA Radon Reduction Demonstration program have had any identifiable problem associated with radon from building materials. 

Recycling Maine Waste Management Agency Office of Waste Recycling Reduction State House Station No. 154 Augusta, Maine 04333 Telephone 207-289-5300... 

Although the commercial production of biobutanol through the traditional ABE fermentation process is not currently or in the near future economically viable, the policy makers should take account the tremendous credit from the reduction of waste and the green house gases due to the renewable production processes. More attention and investments on the basic research are needed, in order to advance the whole biobutanol production pipeline and make it ultimately commercially feasible in the near future. 

Gases from the reduction reactor pass through an uptake shaft, waste heat boiler, quench cooler and bag house filter to recover fume. The fume may need to be partly leached to separate cadmium and zinc before recycle. 

The metallurgical equipment of cast houses at smelters includes ladles for transporting raw A1 from the reduction shop to the cast house (Fig. 3.1), stationary or tilting holding furnaces, degassing units, induction furnaces for remelting of disposal or wastes and preparation of alloys, and gas-fired furnaces for remelting of disposal and wastes. 

The Kyoto Protocol that has been signed by the major industrialized countries and emerging countries is paying specific attention to the reduction of green house gases (GHG). Fuel shortage and the waste accumulation in the environment are generating a worldwide interest in alternative resources... 

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