Horseradish peroxidase catalyzed

Wasserman, B.P, Eiberger, L.L., and Guilfoy, M.P., Effect of hydrogen peroxide and phenolic compounds on horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed decolorization of betalain pigments, J. Food Sci., 49, 536, 557, 1984. 

Tobimatsu, Y. Takano, T. Kamitakahara, H. Nakatsubo, F. Azide ion as a quinone methide scavenger in the horseradish peroxidase catalyzed polymerization of sinapyl alcohol. J. WoodSci. 2008, 54, 87-89. 

Kazunga, C., Aitken, M.D., and Gold, A., Primary product of the horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed oxidation of pentachlorophenol, Environ. Sci. Technol., 33, 1408-1412, 1999. 

Allen, B.L. et al. (2009) Mechanistic investigations of horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed degradation of single-walled carbon nanotubes. Journal of the American Chemical Society,... 

Indicine IV-oxide (169) (Scheme 36) is a clinically important pyrrolizidine alkaloid being used in the treatment of neoplasms. The compound is an attractive drug candidate because it does not have the acute toxicity observed in other pyrrolizidine alkaloids. Indicine IV-oxide apparently demonstrates increased biological activity and toxicity after reduction to the tertiary amine. Duffel and Gillespie (90) demonstrated that horseradish peroxidase catalyzes the reduction of indicine IV-oxide to indicine in an anaerobic reaction requiring a reduced pyridine nucleotide (either NADH or NADPH) and a flavin coenzyme (FMN or FAD). Rat liver microsomes and the 100,000 x g supernatant fraction also catalyze the reduction of the IV-oxide, and cofactor requirements and inhibition characteristics with these enzyme systems are similar to those exhibited by horseradish peroxidase. Sodium azide inhibited the TV-oxide reduction reaction, while aminotriazole did not. With rat liver microsomes, IV-octylamine decreased... 

Horseradish peroxidase catalyzes the cleavage of hydroperoxide substrates forming active oxygen, which oxidizes molecules resulting in a colored product. For application in Western blots the reaction product must be insoluble in aqueous buffer solutions. 

Similarly, catechin polymers formed upon horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed oxidation of catechin or polycondensation of catechin with aldehydes prove much more efficient than catechin (at identical monomer concentration) at inhibiting XO and superoxide formation. A more detailed investigation with the catechin-acetaldehyde polycondensate (which is expected to form in wine because of the microbial oxidation of ethanol to acetaldehyde) shows that inhibition is noncompetitive to xanthine and likely occurs via binding to the FAD or Fe/S redox centers involved in electron transfers from the reduced molybdenum center to dioxygen with simultaneous production of superoxide. 

Horseradish peroxidase catalyzes the oxidation of ferrocenes into ferricenium cations by hydrogen peroxide according the stoichiometric Eq. (37) (113). 

Yu, J., K. E. Taylor, H. Zou, N. Biswas, and J. K. Bewtra, Phenol conversion and dimeric intermediates in horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed phenol removal from water , Environ. Sci. Technol., 28, 2154-2160 (1994). 

Catalytic oxidation of isobutyraldehyde with air at 30—50°C gives isobutyric acid [79-31-2] in 95% yield (5). Certain enzymes, such as horseradish peroxidase, catalyze the reaction of isobutyraldehyde with molecular oxygen to form triplet-state acetone and formic acid with simultaneous chemiluminescence (6). 

Kazunga C, Aitken MD, Gold A (1999) Primary Product of the Horseradish Peroxidase-Catalyzed Oxidation of Pentachlorophenol. Environ Sci Technol 33 1408... 

W Adam, RT Fell, U Hoch, CR Saha-Moller, P Schreier. Kinetic resolution of chiral a-hydroxy esters by horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed enantioselective reduction to a-hydroxy esters. Tetrahedron Asymmetry 6 1047-1050, 1995. 

Bartlett PN, Pletcher D, Zeng J. Approaches to the integration of electrochemistry and biotechnology II. The horseradish peroxidase catalyzed oxidation of 2,4,6-trimethylphenol by electrogenerated hydrogen peroxide. J Electrochem Soc 1999 146(3) 1088-1092. 

Buchanan ID, Nicell JA, Wagner M. Reactor models for horseradish-peroxidase-catalyzed aromatic removal. J Environ Eng 1998 124(9) 794-802. 

Buchanan ID, Nicell JA. Model development for horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed removal of aqueous phenol. Biotechnol Bioeng 1997 54(3) 251-261. 

Boeriu CG, Oudgenoeg G, Spekking WT et al (2004) Horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed cross-linking of feruloylated arabinoxylans with a-casein. J Agric Food Chem 52 6633-6639... 

Dordick JS, Klibanov AM, Marietta MA (1986) Horseradish peroxidase catalyzed hydro-xylations mechanistic studies. Biochemistry 25 2946-2951... 

In this study, the kinetics of horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed oxidation of p-cresol (4-methylphenol) is evaluated in a number of representative water-miscible organic solvents. Cresol is one of the most common phenols used in the phenolic resin industry (X) and is an excellent substrate of peroxidase (JL2.). The stoichiometry of peroxidase catalysis is described in Equation 1. The predominant products in aqueous solutions are... 

Conventional ISEs have been used as detectors for immunoassays. Antibody-binding measurements can be made with hapten-selective electrodes such as the trimethylphenylammonium ion electrode. Enzyme immunoassays, in which the enzyme label catalyzes the production of a product that is detected by an ISE, take advantage of the amplification effect of enzyme catalysis in order to reach lower detection limits. Systems for hepatitis B surface antigen and estradiol use horseradish peroxidase as the enzyme label and an iodide electrode as the detector. The horseradish peroxidase catalyzes the oxidation of p-fluoroanadine with the fluoride detected by the ISE. Biotin and cyclic have been determined... 

Another reaction of heteroatom oxidation is that of S-oxidation, which leads to the synthesis of sulfoxides, a reaction not very common in the plant cell biochemical factory. Enantiomerically pure sulfoxides are important chiral synthons in asymmetric synthesis, in particular in enantio-selective carbon-carbon bond formation [77]. The sulfoxide functional group is involved in different biological activities, and optically pure sulfoxides are of great pharmaceutical interest [82]. However, plant peroxidases, such as horseradish peroxidase, catalyze the enantio-selective sulfoxidation of alkyl aryl sulfides ... 

Horseradish Peroxidase Catalyzed Oxidation of Reduced Pyridine Nucleotides (NADH)... 

Yamazaki and collaborators studied the horseradish peroxidase catalyzed oxidation of NADH by oxygen, 02, in an open system, and observed oscillations in concentrations of oxygen (1965) and of NADH (1967). Degn (1968, 1969) also observed oscillations in a similar peroxidase catalyzed reaction. Degn and Mayer (1969) investigated the theoretical considerations of these reactions and more recently Olsen and Degn (1977) observed chaotic oscillations in the peroxidase catalyzed oxidation of NADH by 02 in an open system, Fig. III.31. 

Nozfiki O, Kawamoto H. Determination of hydrogen peroxide by micro-flow injection-horseradish peroxidase catalyzed "imidazole chemiluminescence". In Stanley PE, Kricka LJ. eds. Bioluminescence Chemiluminescence- Progress Current Applications. Singapore World Scientific, 2002 335-8. 

Nozaki O, Kawamoto H. Reactivation of inactivated horseradish peroxidase with ethyleneurea and allantoin for determination of hydrogen peroxide by micro-flow injection -horseradish peroxidase catalyzed chemiluminescence. Anal Chim Acta 2003 495 233-8. 

A striking example of asymmetric induction by chiral PAn s has been the recent demonstration that thin optically active PAn film layers can act as platforms to induce optical activity in PAn s containing only achiral dopants that are subsequently elec-trochemically deposited on these surfaces.86 The origin of this remarkable macromo-lecular asymmetric induction is currently uncertain. Interestingly, Samuelson and coworkers87 have recently observed related asymmetric induction in the horseradish peroxidase catalyzed synthesis of PAn/(+)-HCSA/PAA, PAn/(-)-HCSA/PAA and PAn/(rac)-HCSA/PAA nanocomposites (PAA = polyacrylic acid), where the PAn chains adopted the same helical hand, irrespective of the hand of HCSA employed. 

As a hybrid between the isoluminol-based assays described in Section 3.1.4 and the horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed, luminol-based assays described here, Gun-dermann et al have described a high quantum-yield naphthalene cyclic hydrazide (7-dimethylaminonaphthalene-l,2-dicarboxylic acid hydrazide) and its use in assays catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase (G20). 

Naselund, B., Amer, P., Bemstrom, K., Bolinder, J., Hallander, L., and Lundin, A., Assays of free fatty acids and glucose by horseradish peroxidase catalyzed luminol reaction. In Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence Current Status (P. E. Stanley and L. J. Kricka, eds.), pp. 385-388. Wiley, Chichester, 1991. 

Til. Thorpe, G. H. G., Kricka, L. J., Gillespie, E., Mosely, S., Amess, R., Baggett, N., and Whitehead, T. P., (1985). Enhancement of horseradish peroxidase catalyzed chemiluminescent oxidation of cyclic diacyl hydrazides by 6-hydroxybenzothiazole. Anal. Biochem. 145, 96-100 (1985). 

Nolte et al 46) produced an artificial enzyme based on the T4 replisome and applied it to the epoxidation of double bonds in synthetic polymers. Smith et al 51) reported that horseradish peroxidase catalyzes the oxidative polymerization of glucuronic acid. In recent literature, many biomimetic macromolecules with enzyme-like structures or functions have been reported including those that are dendrimers 64-66), those that have specified three-dimensional structures or recognition elements created by molecular imprinting 67), and other enzyme mimics 68). 

Bhunia A, Durani S, Wangikar PP (2001) Horseradish peroxidase catalyzed degradation of industrially important dyes. Biotechnol Bioeng 72 562-567 Bogan BW, Lamar RT (1995) One-electron oxidation in the degradation of creosote polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Appl Environ Microbiol 61(7) 2631-2635... 

R.Z. Harris, S.L. Newmyer, and P.R. Ortiz de Montellano, Horseradish-peroxidase-catalyzed two-electron oxidations. Oxidation of iodide, thioanisoles, and phenols at distinct sites, J. Biol. Chem. 268 1637 (1993). 

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