Primary separation

Special methods are available for particular classes of compounds, Hinsberg s method of separating primary, secondary and tertiary amines (p. 249)-... 

Differences in mobilities of ions, molecules, or particles in an electric field can be exploited to perform useful separations. Primary emphasis is placed on electrophoresis and dielec trophoresis. Analogous separation processes involving magnetic and centrifugal force fields are widely apphed in the process industiy (see Secs. 18 and 19). 

For a high-production furnace the fume volume flow rate after air dilution to 130 °C will be considerably higher than for secondary fume control by enclosure. A separate primary fume capture system would be used for this case. 

It is interesting to note that the A1 -alkylbenzodiazepines can be analysed by a method that involves photodealkylation. The compounds are acid-hydrolysed to benzophenones and run on a plate to separate primary and secondary amines. The plate is then exposed to UV light for 10-15 min, which causes A-dealkylation, and run in the second dimension to identify the primary aminobenzophenones [230]. 

Another concept is to use a separate primary compressor (see Fig. 12.10). The second concept is preferred in larger filling stations or in filling stations with onsite hydrogen generation, to avoid an intermediate low-pressure hydrogen storage. 

Let us consider the case in which monomer is strongly bound to template. Initiation proceeds in a different way below and above the critical concentration of the template used. If concentration of the template is small and coils of the template are separated, primary radicals appear mainly outside the coils and then migrate to the sur-... 

As seen in Figure 6.3, the taxonomy used for chondrites is a combination of chemical group and petrologic type, as in H4 or 2. This system avoids the problems of previous chondrite classifications, by cleanly separating primary and secondary characteristics. 

Tandem mass spectrometry has been particularly effective in molecular struclure dctemiinaiiiins. To increase the number and absolute abundance of peaks in the secondary mass spectrum, it is necessary lit add energy to the separated primary ions. Collisionally activated dissociation tCAD) is frequently used. 

Primary recovery of the active ingredient from the solid or liquid phase to remove large quantities of unwanted waste materials, which may themselves be processed further. Suitable techniques include solvent extraction, precipitation by chemical or physical changes to the product-containing solution, and ultrafiltration or microfiltration to separate products above a particular size. Work done on combined biomass separation-primary product recovery processes such as expanded-bed adsorption are now being commercialized in the pharmaceutical industry. 

CH3CO radicals occurs, and the life-time of the latter is longer then the duration of one vibration, then the primary formation of CH3 radicals can be explained by the two alternative hypotheses mentioned above. However, the suggestion of the two separate primary processes I and II, and the hypothesis given by Herr and Noyes could only be distinguished experimentally if the life-time of the excited acetyl radical were longer than the time between two collisions. 

The main conclusion to be drawn from the application of the benzene photosensitization method to the decomposition of cyclobutanone is that the Cj-hydrocarbons originate from the low-lying triplet state of the ketone. However, use of this method in the investigation of cyclopentanone decomposition indicated that reactions I, II and III (if it is a separate primary process) occur from the first excited state of the ketone. This conclusion was based on the quantitative agreement found between the pressure dependence of the decarbonylation-product formation and the fluorescence quenching by cyclopentanone. 

Divide the membrane so that each group can be incubated with a separate primary antibody. 

PizzoniaJH, Gesek FA, Kennedy SM, Coutermarsh BA, Bacskai BJ, Friedman PA. Immunomagnetic separation, primary culture and characterization of cortical thick ascending limb plus distal convoluted tubule cells from mouse kidney. In vitro Cell Dev Biol 1991 27A 409-416. 

It is often advisable to determine to which class an amine belongs. There are many ways of distinguishing between and separating primary, secondary, and tertiary amines. Only a few will be mentioned here. Acetyl chloride reacts at ordinary temperatures with primary and secondary amines. Heat is evolved, and in most cases solids are formed from liquid amines. Inactivity with this reagent indicates that the substance, previously shown to be an amine, is a tertiary amine. If an acetyl derivative is formed, the carbylamine test (206) is applied. Some of the original substance is warmed with chloroform and an alcoholic solution of potassium hydroxide. The production of the characteristic, disagreeable odor is evidence that the substance is a primary amine. 

Figure 4 Principle of Time-of-Flight SIMS showing mass-separated primary beam of 10 kV Ar ions and 2 meter flight tube with two-stage ion reflector system. (From Ref. 7.)...

An aircraft transponder sends information to help air traffic control maintain aircraft separation. Primary radar generally provides bearing and range position information, but lacks altitude information. Mode A transponders transmit only an identification signal, while Mode C and Mode S transponders also report pressure altitude. Mode S is newer and has more capabilities than Mode C, some of which are required for the collision avoidance functions in TCAS. 

Retailer 2, in the same market region, has a similar demand distribution from a separate primary market. Assume that customers who face a stockout at Retailer 1 go to Retailer 2 and vice versa. Thus, the demand faced by Retailer 1 for a given inventory level held by Retailer 2 is obtained as the sum of Retailer Is primary demand plus spillover demand from Retailer 2. Given an inventory Q = 40 held by Retailer 2, the spillover demand received by Retailer 2 has the distribution shown in Table 3.2. 

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