High-temperature gases testing

The mechanical durability of an EX-22,350/S.5 ceramic preconverter was assessed in the high-temperature vibration test, using an exhaust gas generator and an electromagnetic vibration table, under the following conditions ... 

Figures 6 and 7 show the experimental PFBG results with respect to fuel nitrogen to Ammonia and Hydrogen Cyanide. These species are known precursors for NOx formation under e.g. gas turbine combustion conditions, which is a problem when dry, high temperature gas cleaning is applied, see e.g. Hoppesteyn [9], From the results it can be concluded that a major part of the fuel-bound nitrogen is converted to Ammonia. This has also been indicated before, in the description of the pressurised fluidised bed pinewood gasification using the DWSA test rig, although somewhat lower conversion values are observed in the PFBG tests.

The test rig at IVD (50 kWth) and the Delft PDU (1.5 MWth) were operated successfully with respect to pressurised gasification, high temperature gas cleanup and combustion of biomass (wood and Miscanthus) and brown coal derived LCV gas. 

S. Ueta, J. Sumita, K. Emori, M. Takahashi, K. Sawa, Fuel and fission gas behavior during rise-to-power test of the High Temperature Engineering Test Reactor (HTTR) , J. Nucl. Sci. Technol., 40[9], 679, (2003). 

At high temperatures Sasol tests have shown that the slurry bed has a lower conversion than the fixed fluidized-bed (FFB). At these high temperatures the wax is hydrocracked, ie, there is a negative wax production. To avoid this, the reactor temperature has to be lowered which, of course, means a further drop in conversion. It is not possible to load as much catalyst per unit reactor volume in a slurry phase reactor as in a normal FFB reactor. This gives the latter system an intrinsic advantage. (Increasing the catalyst content of a slurry increases its viscosity, hence the bubble size increases, resulting in a shorter gas residence time.)... 

Homonuclear diatomic moiecuies are those composed of two identical atoms. In addition to H2 from Period 1, you re also familiar with several from Period 2—N2, O2, and F2—as the elemental forms under standard conditions. Others in Period 2—L12, Be2, B2, C2, and Ne2—are observed, if at all, only in high-temperature gas-phase experiments. Molecular orbital descriptions of these species provide some interesting tests of the model. Let s look first at the molecules from the block. Groups 1 A(l) and 2A(2), and then at those from the p block. Groups 3A(13) through 8A(18). 

The aim with the present paper is to survey the literature on catalytic fuel combustion for high temperature gas turbine applications with emphasis on the progress during the last five years. Reference to work before 1993 can be found in an earlier review from our laboratory. Following a brief introduction to catalytic combustion and a discussion on formation and abatement of emission, state-of-the-art in materials development will be reviewed in Section 3. Recent results from mathematical modelling are covered in Section 4. An update of new concepts of catalytic combustors and advanced pilot-scale tests will be presented in Section 5, where also a case study on a recently finished European project is reported. Finally, deactivation of combustion catalysts is discussed in Section 6 and a spin-off effect of catalytic combustion is recapitulated in Section 7. 

Sintered and isostatically hot-pressed SiC materials, as well as silicon nitride (Si3N4) are playing an important role in the development of ceramic components (see Fig. 35) for motor vehicle engines and gas turbines [288-293]. Real technical success with sintered SiC components in the field of high temperature gas turbines has not yet been achieved [294,295]. However, SiC and Si3N4 gas turbine parts are in field tests and strong development efforts continue in several countries. 

The HTTR is a high temperature gas cooled test reactor which has various aims and operational modes. The construction of the HTTR has progressed smoothly and its first criticality is foreseen in December 1997. 

The concept of HTGR (High Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor) plant with Closed Cycle Gas turbine is taking an increasing interest because of its unique characteristics such as highly excellent safety and high thermal efficiency which reaches about 50 percents. The necessity of the demonstration test of the full scale power conversion module to be used in this plant has been pointed out. This paper presents a new proposal of demonstration test facility concept. 

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