Heparin intraperitoneal

In Vivo Test of the Infusion Device. Before the infusion device was used to deliver micro-volume of a heparin solution, the amount of the anticoagulant required to delay the normal clotting time from 1.02 min to > 15 min was determined. An intraperitoneal silicone catheter was inserted by way of a trocar needle into an anesthetized Wistar rat, and the external catheter end was connected to the flow rate testing assembly. With a glass hollow fibre flow moderator having a flow rate of 50 plitre/hr at 48 kPa driving pressure, it was found to require about 25 IU/kg/hr to obtain a Lee-White... 

Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 260-300 g are used. The animals receive the test compound or the vehicle (controls) by oral, intraperitoneal or intravenous administration. After the end of the absorption time (i.p. 30 min, p.o. 60 min, i.v. variable), rats are anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium (i.p.). One carotid artery is cannulated for blood withdrawal and one jugular vein is cannulated for inducer injection. The animals receive an intravenous injection of heparin and 20 min later, approx. 100 il blood are collected (initial value). Ten min later, the thrombocytopenia-inducing substance collagenase is administered intravenously. 

Many PD patients secrete large quantities of fibrinogen into the peritoneal cavity, which results in fibrin formation. This can lead to intraperitoneal adhesions and outflow obstruction. Intraperitoneal heparin may prevent this complication as a result of its local an-tiflbrin effect. Because standard heparin has a molecular weight of 12,000 to 15,000 daltons, it is minimally absorbed and thereby has limited systemic effects. The absorption of intraperitoneal erythropoietin has also been studied. Its bioavailability is low, but may be increased when added into a dry peritoneum. ... 

Tabata T, Shimada H, Emoto M, et al. Inhibitory effect of heparin and/or antithrombin III on intraperitoneal fibrin formation in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Nephron 1990 56 391-395. 

A 78-year-old woman taking fluoxetine was started on once-daily subcutaneous injections of weight-adjusted tinzaparin for treatment of deep vein thrombosis. Five days later she suffered a massive intraperitoneal and parietal haematoma. Poor renal function in this patient could have led to accumulation of the low-molecular-weight heparin, but fluoxetine was also considered a contributing factor because SSRIs have antiplatelet effects and can contribute to bleeding. Consider also Coumarins and related drugs + SSRIs , p.448. 

Female rats kept under controlled environmental conditions were given a single intraperitoneal injection of saline solutions of isoproterenol (80 pg), epinephrine (80 or I60 pg), norepinephrine (80 or 160 p.g), dopamine (l mg), vasopressin (500 mU), histamine (300 jig), or 0.9 normal saline (0.2 ml). Throughout this paper all doses are expressed as weight units of free base. Ten minutes after the injection they were decapitated and the plasma separated ffom the pooled heparinized blood, was frozen and stored at -12 C until assayed for its ACTH content. The results as shown in Table 1, indicate that norepinephrine is more potent than epinephrine which is in turn more potent than isoproterenol in stimulating ACTH secretion, and that dopamine, histamine, and vasopressin in larger amounts have a similar effect. Since the potency of the catecholamines in this respect appeared to be... 

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