Hazardous reactions Explosives

Chemical Reactivity - Reactivity with Water A slow, non-hazardous reaction occurs, forming propanolamine Reactivity with Common Materials No reactions Stability During Transport The product is stable if it is kept in contact with solid caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics Dilute with water and rinse with vinegar solution Polymerization This material will polymerize explosively when in contact with any acid Inhibitor of Potymerization Solid sodium hydroxide (caustic soda). 

As mentioned before, the vast majority of accidents in batch processing arise when the control of the temperature of the reaction mixture is lost. This situation often leads to a temperature thermal) runaway, i.e. a temperature overshoot that can result in undesired reactions (decompositions), evaporation, or gas formation. As a consequence, pressure is built up inside a reactor and this can cau.se an explosion. The explosion is usually accompanied by damage to the equipment and release of hazardous (toxic, explosive, or flammable) species to the. surroundings. 

Provisions for protection from explosions 6. Hazardous reactions possible due to ... 

Several qualitative approaches can be used to identify hazardous reaction scenarios, including process hazard analysis, checklists, chemical interaction matrices, and an experience-based review. CCPS (1995a p. 176) describes nine hazard evaluation procedures that can be used to identify hazardous reaction scenarios-checklists, Dow fire and explosion indices, preliminary hazard analysis, what-if analysis, failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA), HAZOP study, fault tree analysis, human error analysis, and quantitative risk analysis. 

In the thermal-catalytic method a peroxide catalyst is usually used to initiate the free radical chain reaction. The main disadvantages are the higher temperatures required for carrying out the polymerizations, the potential hazard of explosion on addition of catalyst to the monomer, and disposal of excess catalyzed monomer after impregnating. Combinations of heat, radiation, and catalyst have been experimented with to reduce the radiation and catalyst requirements and to increase the rate of polymerization. In thermal polymerization a muffle furnace, infrared heating, and microwave heating can be used to provide the thermal energy. 

Carboxylic Acids. The peroxyacids formed may be unstable and explosive.13 Ketones. Hazardous reaction with acetone and nitric acid other ketones yield shock-and heat-sensitive explosive peroxides.14... 

Anhydrous N2Hi can be made by distillation of aqueous hydrazine over NaOH but the procedure is hazardous since explosions can occur the most concentrated product that is made is N2HcH20. Pure N2H4 can be obtained from aqueous solutions in the form of inclusion compounds with hydroquinone or p-methoxyphenol and these solids can be used in synthetic reactions.21... 

DOT CLASSIFICATION Forbidden SAFETY PROFILE A powerful oxidizer. Moderately flammable due to spontaneous chemical reaction. Explosion hazard due to shock, chemical reaction, or exposure to heat. A storage hazard it may explode at room temperature. Explodes when heated to 100°C. When contaminat-ed it is very sensitive. Solution in water may explode if heated or dried. When heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of Cr and NOx. Incompat-ible with reducing materials Brp3 BrFs. 

Explosive substances and articles in Class 1 are assigned to one of six divisions, depending on the type of hazard. An explosive substance is defined as a solid or liquid substance (or mixtures of substances) that is in itself capable by a chemical reaction of producing gas at such a temperature and pressure and at such a speed as to cause damage to the surroundings. Pyrotechnic substances are included even when they do not evolve gases. 

In 2006, two groups independently reported the novel asymmetric synthesis of tamiflu (106). Corey et al. reported a short enantioselective pathway for the synthesis of 106 from 1,3-butadi-ene and acrylic acid shown in O Scheme 22 [ 111 ]. The key steps of the synthesis are (1) Diels-Alder reaction of 1,3-butadiene (146) and trifluoroethyl acrylate (147) in the presence of chiral ligand 148 developed in the laboratory [112], (2) the introduction of two amino groups in tamiflu (106) without using potentially hazardous and explosive azide reagents, and (3) a novel S nBr4 - catalyzed bromoacetamidation. 

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