Hazard moving machinery

The number of fatalities arising from any identified hazard will depend on several factors, such as the nature of the hazard, the number of people likely to be involved and whether there are any factors mitigating the effects of the hazard. There are many models of varying accuracy and complexity which are available to predict the effects of hazardous events, such as fires, explosions and toxic releases, on people and property. A discussion of them is beyond the scope of this chapter, but for further information the reader is directed to the appropriate chapters of the seminal work by FP Lees Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 2nd Edition (Butterworth Heinemann 1996). Designers should be aware that the effects of major accidents can be felt many kilometres off-site. It is often possible to take a simple view however -lesser and more common (but still serious) events, such as the rupture of a vessel, a small fire, or local release of a harmful material, will clearly have potentially fatal consequences to anyone close by. Fatalities arising from slips, trips, falls and contact with moving machinery are obvious and require no modelling. 

Maintenance work is, by its very nature, hazardous. Workers maintain equipment that is opened or disassembled, thereby exposing those workers to a wide range of potential hazards that stem from toxic chemicals, heat, electricity, moving machinery, hydraulics, pneumatic equipment, falling objects, springs and coils, and falls from equipment. In addition, maintenance workers may be asked to work at heights, in confined spaces, or in other unsafe locations. Therefore, first goal of any maintenance procedure is to ensure that the work can be carried out safely. 

Mechanical hazards—moving vehicles and machines, moving parts of machinery, uncontrolled moving objects, objects and parts with sharp edges or rough surfaces. 

Long hair and loose clothing or jewelry must be confined when working in the laboratory. Unrestrained long hair, loose or tom clothing, and jewelry can dip into chemicals or become ensnared in equipment and moving machinery. Clothing and hair can catch fire. Sandals and open-toed shoes should nevCT be worn in a laboratory in which hazardous chemicals are in use. 

Devices used to protect the head from injury. These include safety helmets or hard hats that are primarily used to protect the head from falling objects or overhead hazards industrial scalp protectors such as bump caps that protect against striking fixed objects, scalping, or entanglement and caps and hair nets, which are used to prevent the hair from coming in contact with moving machinery or the parts of machinery. 

Contact With Various hazards in the mill. Be alert for low-hanging items and moving machinery/vehicles. Steel-toed boots... 

The Port of Kemi Ltd. is a small workplace it only employs about 35 people. Its job descriptions vary from normal office work to more physical and outdoor port officer tasks. The possible harm related to office work comes mainly from static muscular tension that is commonly caused by using a computer. Disorder and untidiness indoors may cause falls and thus injuries slippery conditions due to cold weather and inadequate gritting outdoors may cause falls as well. For port officers, the job includes operating outdoors, which exposes them to cold weather and its attendant problems. Operations on the piers and ships carry with them the hazards of falling and traffic-related accidents. The constant movement in the port resembles that of a busy factory and so the risks are about the same. Being hit by a car, train, or moving machinery comprises a potential cause of a severe damage. 

Understands the main hazards and the methods of guarding moving machinery traps, impact, contact, entanglement, projectile. 

Principal hazards associated with moving machinery... 

The manufacturer decides that his complex apparatus and its installation pose prominent moving machinery and electrical hazards and is, therefore, both a machine and electrical equipment, therefore is subject to the essential requirements of both the MD and the LVD. 

Some of the working conditions that contribute to caught in- or between hazards include machinery that has unguarded moving parts or that is not locked out during maintenance unprotected excavations and trenches and working between moving materials and immovable structures, vehicles, or equipment. 

Hazards of concern are dust explosions, the escape of flammable or toxic dusts, and injury from contact with moving machinery. Loading and tmload-ing sections are areas of particular danger. Bucket conveyors often have materials jammed between the buckets and the side of the boot. Chutes may clog because of accumulation of material on their side walls. 

They would be used in complex entries, involving more than one person, hazards including moving machinery, electrical hazards, valve isolation, flooding etc. The permit would require time limits on entries, procedures, names of responsible persons etc. Most sewer/manhole entry work would not be done under a permit to work unless conditions as stated applied. However in factories for example, because of their complexity, every entry (tanks etc) should be carried out using a permit to work as the only satisfactory way of ensuring the safe system of work is complied with. 

For some types of production, the facility housing the equipment and machinery needed to create, move, and store product has to be designed. The pathways for raw materials and semi-finished product need to be thought out and the gangways for staff movement need careful planning to prevent hazard. 

As mentioned earlier, pneumatic and hydraulic systems have been extensively used in hazardous environments to provide the power necessary to move and drive machinery to complete needed tasks. Their use has demanded development of complex logic systems which involve the addition of valves and piping. These logic control systems are often hard to design, debug, construct, and maintain. 

Safety interlocks, common to machinery, provide a means either of preventing operator access to a hazardous area until the hazard is removed or of automatically removing the hazardous condition (i.e., electric shock, moving parts) when access is gained. Safety interlocks have special requirements, such as fail-safe design, positive opening, and nonoverridable type. 

A shield or barrier that has no moving parts associated with it or is not dependent upon the mechanism of any machinery, which when in position, prevents access to a hazard or area. See also Automatic Guard Distant Guard Machine Guarding. 

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