Haemophilus pneumoniae

Cefuroxime (35) is effective against community-acquired pneumonia in which ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influence is the probable etiologic agent. Cefoxitin (23) is used to treat mixed aerobic—anaerobic infections including pelvic infections, intra-abdorninal infections, and nosocomial aspiration pneumonia. Cefonicid (31), because of its long half-life has been used in a once-a-day regimen to treat a variety of mild to moderate infections including community-acquired pneumonias, urinary tract infections, and infections of the skin and soft tissue (132,215). 

M ribosomal protection Neisseria, Mycoplasma, Ureaplasma, Haemophilus, Campylobacter, Clostridium, Enterococcus, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus Gardnerella, Kingella, Eikenella, Veillonella, Tusobacterium, Peptostreptococcus Clostridium difficile. Streptococcus pneumoniae... 

Although viral infections are important causes of both otitis media and sinusitis, they are generally self-limiting. Bacterial infections m complicate viral illnesses, and are also primary causes of ear and sinus infections. Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae are the commonest bacterial pathogens. Amoxycillin is widely prescribed for these infections since it is microbiologically active, penetrates the middle ear, and sinuses, is well tolerated and has proved effective. 

Streptococcus pneumonia, Haemophilus influenzae, and influenza vims... 

Uncomplicated exacerbation Not requiring hospitalization Less than 3 exacerbations per year No comorbid illness I I V, greater than 50% predicted No recent antibiotic therapy Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis Oral Macrolide (azithromycin, clarithromycin) Second- or third-generation cephalosporin (cefuroxime, cefpodoxime, cefdinir, cefprozil) Doxycycline Ketolide (telithromycin) P-Lactam/P-Iactamase inhibitor (amoxicillin-clavulanate) Intravenous Not recommended... 

The vast majority of conjunctivitis cases are viral in nature. For acute bacterial conjunctivitis, the cause is primarily grampositive organisms.11 The primary pathogens in acute bacterial conjunctivitis are Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, or Haemophilus influenzae.12... 

Pathogens Streptococcus pneumoniae (most common), Haemophilus influenzae, Salmonella, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia, and viruses (parvovirus B1 9)... 

Bacterial pneumonia (commonly Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus)... 

CNS infections may be caused by a variety of bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites. The most common causes of bacterial meningitis include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, Listeria monocytogenes, and Haemophilus influenzae. 

When possible, antibiotic therapy is directed toward anticipated respiratory pathogen(s) (i.e., Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae) and/or those demonstrating a predominant growth upon throat culture. 

Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus spp., Moraxella catarrhalis, Streptococcus pneumoniae 03-lactam resistance possible)... 

Elderly Pneumococcus, gram-negative bacilli (such as Klebsiella pneumoniae)] Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae Piperacillin-tazobactam, cephalosporin carbapenemP... 

Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common cause of acute otitis media (20% to 35%). Nontypable strains of Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis are each responsible for 20% to 30% and 20% of cases, respectively. In 44% of cases, a viral etiology is found with or without concomitant bacteria. 

Selection of empiric antimicrobial therapy should be based on the most likely organisms. The most common organisms for acute exacerbation of COPD are Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and H. parainfluenzae. 

Fig. 8. Principal component analysis of the distribution of the predicted folds in bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic proteomes. (a) First and second principal components (b) third and fourth principal components. Aae, Aquifex aeolicus Mge, Mycoplasm genitalium Mpn, Mycoplasma pneumoniae Rpr, Rickettsia prowazekii Bbu, Borrelia burgdorferi Bsu, Bacillus subtilis, Hin, Haemophilus influenzae, Hpy, Helicobacter pylori Tma, Thermotoga mari-...

Mabe S, Champney WS. (2005) A comparison of a new oral streptogramin XRP 2868 with qninnpristindalfopristin against antibiotic-resistant strains of Haemophilus Influenzae, Staphylococcus Aureus, and Streptococcus Pneumoniae. Curr Microbiol 51 363-366. 

Bacterial meningitis (pediatric patients 3 months of age or older only) Bacterial meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae ( -lactamase and non- -lactamase-producing strains), and Neisseria meningitidis. 

Lower respiratory tract infections Lower respiratory tract infections, including pneumonia and bronchitis caused by E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, Haemophilus influenzae, P. mirabilis, Enterobacter sp. and S. marcescens. Septicemia Septicemia caused by . coli, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, P. mirabilis, S. marcescens, and Enterobacter sp. 

Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis Caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, or Moraxella catarrhalis. 

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