Grafted maleic anhydride groups

The structure of EPDM grafted onto polyamide 66 was analysed by FTIR spectroscopy. Evidence indicated the presence of cyclic imide groups, derived from grafted maleic anhydride groupings (229). 

The crosslinking of polyethylene resulting from its reaction with peroxides is more profound if maleic anhydride is present in the system [113]. The crosslinked fraction contains a higher proportion of carbonyl groups from grafted maleic anhydride than... 

Polymers can also be compatibilized by the use of functionalized polymers. Thus polymers can be post-reacted with a reactive monomer to form functional groups that react with a second polymer to form grafts in a blend, e.g., EPDM-g-maleic anhydride/nylon-6,6 blends are produced by grafting maleic anhydride onto EPDM, followed by blending with nylon-6,6. The grafted maleic anhydride reacts with the terminal—NH2 groups of the nylon to form the following copolymer ... 

Supramolecular interactions were also utilized in synthesis of carbon nanotube/poly-propylene composites (see chapter Applications of Ball Milling in Nanocarbon Material Synthesis). Solid-state grafting of maleated polypropylene on the surface of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) employs interactions of carbonyl and carboxyl groups with maleic anhydride groups via hydrogen bonds or other dipole-dipole interactions [8]. 

The addition of a polypropylene grafted maleic anhydride (PP-g-MA) compatibilizer into polypropylene-co-ethylene/polybutylene succinate blends and the subsequent irradiation allowed prevention of degradation mechanisms leading to mechanical stability. The cyclic anhydride group of the PP-g-MA first permitted compatibilizion of both polypropylene-co-ethylene and polybutylene succinate and a second action as an "energy sink."... 

Grafting that occurs at multiple sites along the polypropylene molecule may also not be desirable. If all maleic anhydride groups react with the surface of the... 

In addition, the compatibility of natural rubber and poly(methyl methacrylate) blends was improved by modification of the functional groups of the natural rubber molecules to be more hydrophilic. Nakasorn and coworkers synthesized maleated natural rubber by using maleic anhydride. Grafting maleic anhydride onto the backbone of the non-polar natural rubber overcame the disadvantage of the low surface energy of natural rubber. This improved the... 

PP-g-MA, polypropylene-graft-maleic anhydride DB, decabromodiphenyl oxide OMT, organoclay modified with the ammonium cation on the clay contained a methyl group, tallow (containing 70, 25,4, and 1 mol% of CIS, C16, C14, and C12 carbon chains, respectively), and two hydroxyethyl groups AO, antimony trioxide. 

Carboxylic acid groups are most often introduced by grafting maleic anhydride onto polyolefins, before or during the blending process. They may also be introduced by copolymerization or grafting of acrylic... 

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