Glyoxal sulfate

Starting from 1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2,2-dioxide (18) and organometallic compounds, (3-substituted ethyl sulfates of type (133 R=CH(C02Me), Ph, PhC=C) may be synthesized (72JHC891). Reaction of glyoxal sulfate (134) with cyclopentadienylsodium followed by treatment with triethylamine led to the fulvene (135) (72AG297) the lithium salt of phenalene reacts in a similar fashion (80MI43301). 

The cyclic sulfate, 1,2,4-thiadioxetane 1,1-dioxide (methylene sulfate), claimed to be prepared by treating paraformaldehyde with oleum (H2S04-S03) is in reality a cyclic, eight-membered dimer, " and the bis(methylene sulfate) (the so-called glyoxal sulfate) obtained by treating 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane with 65% oleum in the presence of mercury(II) sulfate is likely to have a different structure. A 1,2,4-thiadioxetane 1,1-dioxide was suggested as an intermediate in the reaction of sulfur dioxide with l-methoxy-2,3,3-trifluorocyclopropene. ... 

A few bis-imidazole derivatives 243 were synthesized using glyoxal sulfate (87KGS1069) [Eq. (43)]. 

Hafner applied the method using glyoxalic sulfate 104 to the synthesis of tricyclic anion 111 and dicyclopenta[ ,e]cyclooctene 112 containing 14rt electron peripheries, as outlined in Scheme 6.26 [58, 59]. X-ray crystallographic and... 

Besides Fe-, other reducing agents that may be used in conjunction with H2O2 are aliphatic amines, Na2S203 thiourea, ascorbic acid, glyoxal, sulfuric acid, NaHSOs, sodium nitrite, ferric nitrate, peroxidase, AgNOs, tartaric acid, hydroxylamine, ethylene sulfate, sodium phosphite, formic acid, ferrous ammonium sulphate, acetic acid, ferrous sulphate, and HNO2, etc,... 

TNB, Methanol, Potassium iodide, Hydrochloric acid, Sodium bisulfite, Methylene chloride, Magnesium sulfate Hydroxylamine hydrochloride, Glyoxal, Sodium carbonate, Ethanol, Chlorine, Chloroform, Methanol, Ethylenediamine, Ethylene glycol, Sodium hydroxide, Trifluoroacetic anhydride, Nitric acid, Acetone... 

Glacial acetic acid. Aluminum foil. Toluene, Methylene iodide. Acetonitrile, Tetrahydrofuran, Sodium hydroxide. Acetone, Magnesium sulfate. Aluminum chloride. Chloroform Ethylenediamine, Glyoxal, Sodium nitrite. Hydrochloric acid. Nitric acid. Ethanol 4,4,4-Trinitrobutryaldehyde, Methanol, Sodium borohydride. Hydrochloric acid. Methylene chloride. Sodium bicarbonate. Magnesium sulfate... 

Dimethylaminonitroethylene is prepared from the anion of nitromethane and the salt prepaffed from dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfate. The condensation step is general for other types of active methylene compounds, indicating further potential for pyrrole synthesis. A related process involves the condensation of ketones with the moao-N,N-dimethylhydrazone of glyoxal base-catalyzed condensation affords the hydrazones of a conjugated 1,4-dicarbonyl system, and sodium thiosulfate reduction then affords 2,3-disubstituted pyrroles (equation 85) (77CB491). 

Monoacetalization of glyoxal.1 The reaction of glyoxal with CH3OH or C2H5OH in large excess and catalyzed by zirconium sulfate results in monoacetalization, followed slowly by diacetalization. The derived water should be eliminated without decreasing the concentration of the alcohol (Soxhlet). 

The earliest synthesis of imidazole was achieved by Debus from glyoxal, formaldehyde and ammonia (Scheme 70), and many of the classical methods of Imidazole synthesis were based on this general type of reaction. Initially, most syntheses utilized a-diketones, but in the 1930s it was shown that a-hydroxy ketones could serve equally well provided that some oxidizing agent (e.g. ammoniacal copper(II) acetate, citrate or sulfate) was incorporated in the reaction mixture. Further improvement used ammonium acetate in acetic acid as the nitrogen source. 

A solution of 68.8 g. (0.26 mole) of glyoxal bisulfite [Org. Syntheses, 24, 61 (1944) ] in 300 ml. of water is heated to 70° and added with stirring to a mixture of 27.0 g. (0.25 mole) of o-phenylenediamine [Org. Syntheses Coll. Vol. 2, 501 (1943)] and 400 ml. of water also heated to 70°, The mixture is stirred for another 5 minutes and allowed to cool to around 40° 100 g. of potassium carbonate is added. The precipitated quinoxaline is removed by extraction with one 100-ml. portion and three 50-ml. portions of ether. The combined ethereal extracts are dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and distilled to give 29.6 to 30.5 g. (90.8-93,5%) of quinoxaline boiling at 112-115°/17 mm. 

Many of the classical methods grew out of the earliest synthesis of imidazole, which was achieved in 1858 by Debus [1] when he allowed glyoxal, formaldehyde and ammonia to react together. Although the earliest modifications of this method used a-diketones or a-ketoaldehydes as substrates [2, by the 1930s it was well established that a-hydroxycarbonyl compounds could serve equally well, provided that a mild oxidizer (e.g. ammoniacal copper(ll) acetate, citrate or sulfate) was incorporated [3. A further improvement was to use ammonium acetate in acetic acid as the nitrogen source. All of these early methods have deficiencies. There are problems associated with the synthesis of a wide range of a-hydroxyketones or a-dicarbonyls, yields are invariably rather poor, and more often than not mixtures of products are formed. There are, nevertheless, still applications to the preparation of simple 4-alkyl-, 4,5-dialkyl(diaryl)- and 2,4,5-trialkyl(triaryl)imidazoles. For example, pymvaldehyde can be converted quite conveniently into 4-methylimidazole or 2,4-dimethylimidazole. However, reversed aldol reactions of pyruvaldehyde in ammoniacal solution lead to other imidazoles (e.g. 2-acetyl-4-methylimidazole) as minor products [4]. Such... 

Northern Blot Hybridizations. Total or polyA+RNAs were denatured with dimethyl sulfoxide and glyoxal, size fractionated on 1% agarose gels, and transferred to nitrocellulose filters. Labeled DNA probes were denatured by boiling and hybridized to filters for 16 hr at the appropriate temperature in 50% formamide, 25 mM phosphate buffer pH 6.8, 5X SET (IX SET - 150 mM NaCl, 20 mM Tris pH 7.8, 1 mM EDTA), 0.1% sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS), 10% dextran sulfate,... 

A similar elimination process has been reported in the reaction of sodium cyciopentadienide with glyoxal bis-sulfate 7 to give fulvene derivative 128... 

Alternatively, halide-free 1,3-dialkylimidazolium ILs can be prepared from the five-component reaction (glyoxal, formaldehyde, two different amines and acids. Scheme 2), and those containing alkyl sulfate or trifluoromethane sulfonate anions by simple alkylation of 1-alkylimidazole with the corresponding dialkylsulfate or alkyltrifluoro-methane sulfonate ester, respectively. " ... 

FRE. See Aluminum hydroxide Freechem 40DL See Glyoxal Free crystalline silica. See. Quartz Freederm. See Acrylates copolymer Freedom SCO-50 Freedom SCO-70-, Freedom SCO-75. See Sulfated castor oil Freedom SCO-75K. See Potassium castor oil sulfate... 

Dimethyl myristamine Dimethyl palmitamine Ethyl formate 2-Ethylhexanol Eugenol Ferric chloride Ferric chloride hexahydrate Ferric sulfate Formaldehyde Formic acid Glutaral Glyoxal, Hydriodic acid 8-Hydroxyquinoline Hypochlorous acid Iodine Isobutyric acid d-Limonene ... 

C9-11 pareth-8 Diethyl sulfate Dilauryl phosphite Dimethylaminoethyl acrylate Dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide 2,6-Dimethylmorpholine Dimethylolpropionic acid Formaldehyde Formic acid Isobutylene/isoprene copolymer Phosphorus trichloride Polyaluminum chloride Potassium oxalate Rapeseed (Brassica campestris) oil Ricinoleic acid Silicone elastomer Sodium oleth-7 phosphate Sodium oxalate Sodium PCA Synthetic wax Tallowaminopropylamine Tallow propylene diamine Triethylenemelamine ,Urea-formaldehyde resin Vinyl acetate finishing agent, textiles permanent-press fabrics Glyoxal... 

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