Ethylene sulfate

These reactions iavolve mostly dimethyl and diethyl sulfate. CycHc sulfates are also reactive, and several have been compared by determining reaction rates with a substituted pyridine or with water (40). In both cases, 1,2-ethylene sulfate is more reactive than 1,3-propylene sulfate or dimethyl or diethyl sulfates. 

CycHc esters show accelerated hydrolysis rates. Ethylene sulfate compared to dimethyl sulfate is twice as fast ia weak acid (first order) and 20 times as fast ia weak alkaH (second order) (50). Catechol sulfate [4074-55-9] is 2 x 10 times faster than diphenyl sulfate ia alkaline solution (52). Alcoholysis rates of several dialkyl sulfates at 35—85°C are also known (53). 

CycHc sulfates can be prepared by a vahety of methods. Ethylene sulfate is obtained in low yield from ethylene oxide and sulfur thoxide (100). Methylene sulfate is produced from formaldehyde and sulfur thoxide (101). 

The acute toxicities of various sulfates have been reported (126). Generally, dimethyl sulfate (LD q 440 mg/kg in rats) is more toxic than diethyl sulfate (LD q 880—1412 mg/kg in rats), which is more toxic than dibutyl sulfate (lowest observed toxic dose, 9500 mg/kg in rats). Ethylene sulfate is more toxic than dimethyl sulfate (40). 

Ethylene, /3-(dimethylamino)-nitro-in pyrrole synthesis, 4, 334 Ethylene, dithienyl-in photochromic processes, 1, 387 Ethylene, furyl-2-nitro-dipole moments, 4, 555 Ethylene, l-(3-indolyl)-2-(pyridyl)-photocyclization, 4, 285 Ethylene, l-(2-methyl-3-indolyl)-l,2-diphenyl-synthesis, 4, 232 Ethylene, (phenylthio)-photocyclization thiophenes from, 4, 880 Ethylene carbonate C NMR, 6, 754 microwave spectroscopy, 6, 751 photochemical chlorination, 6, 769 synthesis, 6, 780 Ethylene oxide as pharmaceutical, 1, 157 thiophene synthesis from, 4, 899 Ethylene sulfate — see 2,2-dioxide under 1,3,2-Dioxathiolane... 

Besides Fe-, other reducing agents that may be used in conjunction with H2O2 are aliphatic amines, Na2S203 thiourea, ascorbic acid, glyoxal, sulfuric acid, NaHSOs, sodium nitrite, ferric nitrate, peroxidase, AgNOs, tartaric acid, hydroxylamine, ethylene sulfate, sodium phosphite, formic acid, ferrous ammonium sulphate, acetic acid, ferrous sulphate, and HNO2, etc,... 

However, in the case of Na tetradecyl dioxy-ethylene sulfate, the surface tension and the critical micelle concentration will be reduced in the presence of water hardness. If a complexing agent is added, the effect is weakened because of the complexing of the... 

Using as a basis a conformational equilibrium analogous to that shown in Scheme 4 for 1,3,2-dioxathioIane 2-oxide (16), all the ring protons of the corresponding 2,2-dioxide (18) (ethylene sulfate) should be magnetically equivalent. Indeed, the NMR spectrum of (18) in CCU consisted only of a single sharp line at 8 4.68 (61JA2105). 

Scheme 10 Methods for preparing 1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2,2-dioxide (ethylene sulfate)...

Alkyl-substituted 1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2,2-dioxides can be prepared in a similar manner to the parent compound, ethylene sulfate (18) (66HC(2l-l)i) (cf. Scheme 10, Section 4.33.4.2.1). The method of choice is the permanganate oxidation of the corresponding cyclic sulfites (cf. Section 4.33.3.2.3) since the direct reaction of 1,2-diols with sulfuryl chloride often proceeds less smoothly than does the reaction with thionyl chloride. 4,5-Diaryl-l,3,2-dioxathiole 2,2-dioxides of type (186) are obtained by treatment of 9,10-... 

IZV118) and the formation of (31) is analogous to the reaction (197)->(98) via a four-membered 1,2-oxathietane 2,2-dioxide intermediate. Subsequent products derived from (31) by electrophilic addition reactions at the alkenic double bond have been described in Section 4.33.3.2.2 and the synthesis of 4,5-dichloro-l,3,2-dioxathiolane 2,2-dioxide (154) by chlorination of ethylene sulfate (18) is discussed in Section 4.33.3.5. Cyclic sulfites, on the other hand, cannot be halogenated without ring opening (cfSection 4.33.3.2.4). 

Ethylene Sulfate 110-27-0 Isopropyl Myristate 111-85-3 Octyl Chloride... 

Ethylene sulfate Feldspar Ferric sulfate Fluorspar Formaldehyde... 

Arylethanols. A straightforward preparation of ArCH2CH20H consists of mixing ArLi with ethylene sulfate. ... 

The dipole moments of ethylene sulfite (1) ()u. = 3.74 D in benzene), ethylene sulfate (2) (ix = 5.64 D in dioxane), and tetramethyl cyclic sulfate (ij. = 6.05 D in dioxane) have been measured. These measurements support the nonplanar ring structure of this class of compounds. 

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