Glucose oxidase oxidized

Stankovich, M. T., Schopfer, L. M., Massey, V., Determination of Glucose Oxidase Oxidation-Reduction Potentials and the Oxygen Reactivity of Fully Reduced Semiquinoid Forms , J. Biol. Chem. 253 (1978) 4971-4979. 

Oxidan DCN/WSG. See Sodium dichloroisocyanurate Oxidan TCA/P, Oxidan TCA/SG. See Trichloroisocyanuric acid Oxidase glucose. See Glucose oxidase Oxidation base 10A. See p-Phenylenediamine dihydrochloride... 

D-Glucose Oxidases.—Oxidation of the D-glucose oxidase from Aspergillus niger with periodate decreased its carbohydrate content, but the catalytic activity, immunological reactivity, and gross secondary and quaternary structures were not aff ected. The periodate-oxidized derivative was stable to heat treatment, although its stability was reduced in the presence of denaturants. 

The two most widely used techniques for glucose detection are photometry and amper-ometry. In both cases, an enzyme, usually glucose oxidase, oxidizes the glucose. 

Figure 11.39 summarizes the reactions taking place in this amperometric sensor. FAD is the oxidized form of flavin adenine nucleotide (the active site of the enzyme glucose oxidase), and FAD1T2 is the active site s reduced form. Note that O2 serves as a mediator, carrying electrons to the electrode. Other mediators, such as Fe(CN)6 , can be used in place of O2. 

Chemical kinetic methods have been applied to the quantitative analysis of a number of enzymes and substrates.One example, is the determination of glucose based on its oxidation by the enzyme glucose oxidase. ... 

Another group of compounds called oxygen scavengers retard oxidation by reducing the available molecular oxygen. Products in this group are water soluble and include erythorbic acid [89-65-6] C HgO, and its salt sodium erythorbate [6381-77-7] C HgO Na, ascorbyl pahnitate [137-66-6] 22 38 7 ascorbic acid [50-81-7] C HgO, glucose oxidase [9001-37-0] and sulfites (23). 

Glucose oxidase, which catalyzes the oxidation of glucose to gluconic acid. 

In presence of the enzyme glucose oxidase, an aqueous solution of glucose undergoes oxidation to gluconic acid with formation of hydrogen peroxide which can be determined by anodic oxidation at a fixed potential. 

Several biosensors are commercially available. One of the most useful is the glucose sensor. The standard sensor determines glucose concentration based on the glucose oxidase enzyme. The chemical reaction for oxidation of glucose is ... 

A second principle used widely for glucose analysis, is that of the oxidation of glucose enzymatically, mediated by the action of glucose oxidase with the formation of gluconic acid and hydrogen peroxide (22). In this procedure it is the hydrogen peroxide which is usually assayed for determination of glucose. This method suffers from the action of inhibitors which occur, particularly with patients in a diabetic coma and these need to be removed. 

Drugs can also Interfere with laboratory results by negating certain nonspecific oxidation and reduction reactions essential for the chemical assay. Penicillin, streptomycin and ascorbic acid are known to react with cupric Ion thus, false positive results for glucose may occur If a copper reduction method Is used. If the specific enzymatic glucose-oxidase method Is employed, ascorbic acid can cause a false negative result by preventing the oxidation of a specific chromogen In the reaction. 

Okrasa and co-workers reported an interesting combination reaction of glucose oxidase and peroxidase in a mixed solvent of [bmimJpFg] with water (Fig. 18). Asymmetric oxidation of sulfide was accomplished successfully in the reaction system. ... 

Figure 18 Glucose oxidase-mediated asymmetric oxidation of sulfide in IL...

A bi-enzymatic system (glucose oxidase -I- HRP) was also used to catalyze the synthesis of phenolic polymers. The polymerization of phenol, albeit in moderate yield, was accomplished in the presence of glucose avoiding the addition of hydrogen peroxide (Scheme 2 ), which was formed in situ by the oxidation of glucose catalyzed by glucose oxidase. 

Figure 17.10 Electrocatalytic current (per geometric area) versus potential for glucose oxidation by glucose oxidase in an Os-containing redox polymer supported on carbon nanotubes grown for various periods (times indicated) on carbon paper. Reproduced by permission of ECS—The Electrochemical Society, from Barton et al., 2007.

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