Sodium dichloroisocyanurate

Sodium chlorocyanurate l,3-dichloro-l,3,5-triazine-2,4,6(lH,3H, 5H)-trione sodium salt SDIC 

White powder with a strong chlorine odor. 

Sodium dichloroisocyanurate is used as a disinfectant in swimming pools and as a bleaching agent in household cleansers. 

---

Halogen donors are chemicals that release active chlorine or bromine when dissolved in water. After release, the halogen reaction is similar to that of chlorine or bromide from other sources. SoHd halogen donors commonly used in cooling water systems include l-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethyIhydantoin, l,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethyIhydantoin, and sodium dichloroisocyanurate. 

ChlorinatedIsocya.nura.tes. The cyanuric acid-based sanitizers, introduced for pool use in 1958, are stable crystalline compounds with moderate-to-high available CI2. Sodium dichloroisocyanurate (Dichlor), sold in granular form, dissolves rapidly, whereas trichloroisocyanuric acid (Trichlor) dissolves very slowly and is widely used in the form of tablets or sticks in feeders, floating devices, or in the pool skimmer. 

Sanitizers. Spa and hot-tub sanitation is dominated by chlorine- and bromine-based disinfectants. Public spas and tubs usually employ automatic feeders, eg, CI2 gas feeders, to maintain a disinfectant residual. Private or residential spas and tubs can use automatic chemical feeding or generating devices, or they can be sanitized manually with granular or liquid products. The most widely used products for private spa and tub sanitation are sodium dichloroisocyanurate and bromochlorodimethylhydantoin. Granular products are normally added before and after use, whereas solids, eg, stick-bromine, are placed in skimmers or feeders. Bromine generating systems can also be used and are based on oxidation of bromide ions (added to the water as sodium bromide) by peroxymonosulfate, chloroisocyanurates, hypochlorites, or ozone to generate the disinfectant HOBr. 

Toxicity of Chlorine Sanitizers. Chlorine-based swimming-pool and spa and hot-tub sanitizers irritate eyes, skin, and mucous membranes and must be handled with extreme care. The toxicities are as follows for chlorine gas, TLV = 1 ppm acute inhalation LC q = 137 ppm for 1 h (mouse) (75). The acute oral LD q (rats) for the Hquid and soHd chlorine sanitizers are NaOCl (100% basis) 8.9 g/kg (76), 65% Ca(OCl)2 850 mg/kg, sodium dichloroisocyanurate dihydrate 735 mg/kg, and trichloroisocyanuric acid 490 mg/kg. Cyanuric acid is essentially nontoxic based on an oral LD q > 20 g/kg in rabbits. Although, it is mildly irritating to the eye, it is not a skin irritant. A review of the toxicological studies on cyanuric acid and its chlorinated derivatives is given in ref. 77. 

Dichlorine monoxide, generated in situ in the presence of CCl by reaction of CO2 and NaOCl, has been used in preparation of substituted hydra2ines (48). Dichlorine monoxide reacts with finely divided cyanuric acid in a fluidized bed forming dichloro- and trichloroisocyanuric acids (49) and with sodium cyanurate monohydrate yielding sodium dichloroisocyanurate monohydrate (50) (see Cyanuric and isocyanuric acids). 

Another chlorine bleach in common use is sodium dichloroisocyanurate. 

The calcium hypochlorite or sodium dichloroisocyanurate used to disinfect swimming pools also bleaches hair, although contrary to popular belief it does not turn the hair green. It simply allows the green copper sulfate from the water to show up in the hair. The copper sulfate comes from the reaction of the copper pipes in the plumbing to the sulfuric acid used to neutralize the alkalies in the chlorination chemicals. 

Scarlet GN, 119. See also FD C Red 4 scopalomine, 178 SD-40, 56, 70, 174 SD alcohol 40-B. See ethanol SDIC. See sodium dichloroisocyanurate seaweed extract. See agar, carrageenan sequestering agents, 19,49-54,242. See also water softeners serine, 123... 

See also salt, table salt sodium chlorocyanurate. See sodium dichloroisocyanurate sodium citrate, 19, 50, 51,52, 53, 64, 80, 100... 

Cepeda-Jimenez C.M., Pastor-Bias M.M., Martln-Martmez J.M., and Gottschalk P., 2002, A new water-based chemical treatment based on sodium dichloroisocyanurate (DCI) for rubber soles in footwear industry, J. Adhes. Sci Technol, 16(3), 257-284. 

Although chlorination with sodium dichloroisocyanurate is still by far the most commonly used method of shrink-resist finishing, there is considerable concern over the environmental influence of its AOX contribution. For this reason, its usefulness could decline in future and there has been considerable investigation of alternatives to this attractively cost-effective treatment. 

Fi-Clor 60S , Brochure NH/FS/67.4, Loughborough, Fisons, 1967 This compound (sodium dichloroisocyanurate), used in chlorination of swimming pools, is a powerful oxidant and indiscriminate contact with combustible materials must be avoided. Ammonium salts and other nitrogenous materials are incompatible in formulated products. The dibromo analogue, used for the same purpose, will behave similarly. 

Silver peroxide Sodium bromate Sodium carbonate peroxide Sodium chlorate Sodium chlorite Sodium dichloro-s-triazinetrione (sodium dichloroisocyanurate)... 

Sodium Dichloroisocyanurate Dihydrate (NaDCC). A 10 3 M solution was prepared by dissolving 25.59 mg into a 100-mL volumetric flask with distilled water. 

---