Geology ground water contamination

Eganhouse R. P., Dorsey T. F., and Phinney C. S. (1987) Transport and fate of monoaromatic hydrocarbons in the subsurface, Bemidji, Minnesota, research site. In US Geological Survey Program on Toxic Waste Ground-water Contamination Proceedings iff the Third Technical Meeting, C-29, USGS Open File Report 87-109. 

Selenium (masses 74, 76, 77, 78, 80, and 82 Table 1) and chromium (masses 50, 52, 53 54 Table 1) are treated together in this chapter because of their geochemical similarities and similar isotope systematics. Both of these elements are important contaminants in surface and ground water. They are redox-active and their mobility and environmental impact depend strongly on valence state and redox transformations. Isotope ratio shifts occur primarily during oxyanion reduction reactions, and the isotope ratios should serve as indicators of those reactions. In addition to environmental applications, we expect that there will be geological applications for Se and Cr isotope measurements. The redox properties of Se and Cr make them promising candidates as recorders of marine chemistry and paleoredox conditions. 

Mulligan, C.N., Yong, R.N. and Gibbs, B.F. (2001) Remediation technologies for metal-contaminated soils and ground-water an evaluation. Engineering Geology, 60(1-4), 193-207. 

Ford, R.G., Wilkin, R.T. and Hernandez, G. (2006) Arsenic cycling within the water column of a small lake receiving contaminated ground-water discharge. Chemical Geology, 228(1-3 Special Issue), 137-55. 

Kubota, Y., Ishiyama, Y. and Yokota, D. (2000) Arsenic distribution in the surface geology of the Niigata Plain, central Japan source supply of arsenic in arsenic contaminated ground water problem Part 1. Earth Science, 54(6), 369-79. 

Donato, M.M., Lamothe, PJ. and Sanzolone, R.F. (2004) Geologic sources and geochemical mechanisms of arsenic contamination in southwestern Idaho ground water preliminary results. Abstracts with Programs-Geological Society of America, 36(4), 32. 

Glynn P. and Brown J. (1996) Reactive transport modeUing of acidic metal-contaminated ground water at a site with sparse spatial information. In Reactive Transport in Porous Media, Rev. Mineral, (eds. P. C. Lichtner, C. 1. Steefel, and E. H. Oelkers). Mineralogical Society of America and Geological Society, Washington, DC, vol. 34, pp. 377—438. 

The Saco Municipal Landfill (Fig. 1) was opiated from the early 1960 s to 1989 and consists of three separate landfill areas (Nielsen et al., 1995). Landfill Areas 1 and 2 (not shown on Fig. 1) are located on the east side of Sandy Brook and have been capped with clay since 1976 and 1989. Areas 1 and 2 are underlain by a fine sand facies of distal marine fan deposits 1.5 to 6 m thick (Colman and Lyford, submitted). Beneath the sand are glaciomarine silt and clay deposits 7.5 to 45 m thick. Arsenic concentrations in ground water that has been contaminated by leachate from both of these landfills are low (average 21 fig/L, n = 6, range <3.0-50 fig/L) (Woodard and Curran, 1998). Area 4 (formerly 3 and 4) is on the west side of Sandy Brook. This landfill has been inactive since 1989 and was covered with an impermeable membrane in 1998. The geology of Area 4 is distinctly different from Areas 1 and 2. Area 4 is underlain by gravel and till-like... 

Khan, A. A., 1995, Arsenic contamination in groundwater, its causes and mitigation a geological perspective in International Conference on Arsenic in Ground Water Cause, Effect and Remedy, Calcutta, India, p. 43. 

Data from field and laboratory studies of creosote-contaminated ground water are being analyzed by the U S. Geological Survey to determine the transformation pathways of selected organic compounds, assess the relative importance of physical, chemical, biochemical, and microbial processes in the transformation of these compounds under ambient conditions, and study relevant biotransformation processes occurring in the subsurface ground water. 

D. R. LeBlanc in Movement and Fate of Solute Transport in a Plume of Sewage-Contaminated Ground Water, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, United States Geological Survey Open File Report, USGS, Virginia, 1984, pp. 11-45. 

---