Marine chemistry

Feedback Processes Involving Marine Chemistry and Climate... 

P. J. Scheuer (ed.), Bioorganic Marine Chemistry, Springer, Heidelberg, 1987-92, vols. 1-6. 

Forms of Plutonium in Seawater and Other Aqueous Solutions," to be published in Marine Chemistry (1983). 

Takahashi, T., Broecker, W. S., Werner, S. R, and Bainbridge, A. E. (1980). Carbonate chemistry of the surface waters of the world oceans. In "Isotope Marine Chemistry" (E. P. Goldberg, Y. Horibe and K. Sarubashi, eds), pp. 291-326. Uchida Rokakuho, Tokyo. 

Ra is soluble and therefore tends to be released to deep waters when it is formed by °Th decay in marine sediments. Substrates which capture the resulting excess of Ra found in seawater can potentially be dated using the decay of this Ra excess ( Raxs). Unfortunately there is no stable isotope of Ra with which to normalize measured Ra values but the marine chemistry of Ba is sufficiently close to that of Ra that it can be used as a surrogate for a stable Ra isotope and seawater Ra/Ba ratios are constant throughout the oceans, except in the deep North Pacific (Chan et al. 1976). The half life of Ra is only 1600 years so Raxs/Ba chronology is limited to the Holocene but it nevertheless has potential for use in several regions. 

Why does Chemistry in the Marine Environment deserve separate treatment within the Issues in Environmental Science and Technology series Is it not true that chemical principles are universal and chemistry in the oceans must therefore simply abide by these well-known laws What is special about marine chemistry and chemical oceanography ... 

The following brief introduction to this issue will attempt to provide a backdrop for examining some marine chemical reactions and distributions in the context of chemical and physical fundamentals. The detailed discussions contained in the chapters that follow this one will provide examples of just how well (or poorly) we can interpret specific chemical oceanographic processes within the basic framework of marine chemistry. 

F.J. Millero, in Marine Chemistry. An Environmental Analytical Chemical Approach, ed. A. Gianguzza, E. Pelizzetti and S. Sammartano, Kluwer, Dordrecht, 1997, p. 11. 

The field of chemical oceanography/marine chemistry considers many processes and concepts that are not normally included in a traditional chemical curriculum. While this fact makes the application of chemistry to the study of the oceans difficult, it does not mean that fundamental chemical principles cannot be applied. The chapters included in this book provide examples of important chemical oceanographic processes, all taking place within the basic framework of fundamental chemistry. There are three principal concepts that establish many of the chemical distributions and processes and make the ocean a unique place to practice the art of chemistry (1) the high ionic strength of seawater, (2) the presence of a complex mixture of organic compounds, and (3) the sheer size of the oceans. 

L. K. Benninger, D. M. Lewis and K. K. Turekian, in Marine Chemistry in the Coastal Environment, ed. T. M. Church, ACS Symposium Series, no. 18, American Chemical Society, Washington, 1975,... 

Bloom NS, Crecelius EA, 1987. Distribution of silver, mercury, lead, copper, and cadmium in Central Puget Sound sediments. Marine Chemistry 21 377-390. 

Albizati KF, Martin VA, Agharahimi MKR, Stolze DA (1992). In Scheuer PJ (ed) Synthesis of marine natural products 1. Terpenoids. Bioorganic Marine Chemistry, vol 5, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York... 

Cramer J (1973) Model of the circulation of DDT on Earth. Atmospheric Environment 7 241-256 Cziudaj G (2005) Die Rolle der Ozeane bei der globalen Verteilung von organischen Schadstoffen PCB als Modellsubstanzen. PhD thesis, Christian Albrechts University Kiel Dachs J, Bayona JM, Fowler SW, Miquel J, Albaiges J (1996) Vertical fluxes of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and organochlorine compounds in the western Alboran Sea (southwestern Mediterranean). Marine Chemistry 52 75-86... 

Dachs J, Bayona JM, Albaigs J (1997) Spatial distribution, vertical profiles and budget of organochlorine compounds in Western Mediterranean seawater. Marine Chemistry 57(3-4) 313 -324... 

Olaffson J (1980) A preliminary report on ICES intercalibration of mercury in seawater for the joint monitoring group of the Oslo and Paris commissions, submitted to the Marine Chemistry Working Group of OCS, February 1980... 

Thibaud Y (1980) Exercise d Intercalibration CIEM, 1979, Cadmium en eau de mer, report submitted to the Marine Chemistry Working Group of ICES... 

Windom HL (1979) Report on the Results of the ICES Questionnaire on Sampling and Analysis of Water for Trace Elements, Submitted to the First Meeting of the Marine Chemistry Working Group, Lisbon... 

Wong CS, Kremling K, Riley JP et al. (1985) Ocean Chemistry Division Institute of Ocean Sciences, PO Box 6000, Sidney, BC, V8L 4B2, Canada. Ocean Chemistry Division contract to SEAKEM Oceanography Ltd., Sidney, BC, Canada. Marine Chemistry Department, Institut fur Meereskunde und der Universitat, Kiel, Dunsternbrooker Weg 20, 2300 Kiel, FR Germany. Department of Oceanography, University of Liverpool, PO Box 147, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK... 

Riley JP, Chester R (1971) In Introduction to Marine Chemistry (eds Riley JP, Chester R) Academic Press, London, p. 70-80... 

Brinckman FE, Iverson WP (1975) In Church T (ed) Marine chemistry in the coastal environment. American Chemical Society symposium 18. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC... 

Carbon dioxide plays a key role in climate, in biological processes, in weathering reactions, and in marine chemistry. I shall next describe how the partial pressure of this gas in the atmosphere may be calculated. Because there is a rapid exchange of carbon dioxide between ocean and atmosphere, we must consider the fate of dissolved carbon. 

Kalil, E. K., Kaplan, I. R., Uranium and Organic Carbon Concentrations in a Deep Sea Core, Marine Chemistry, in press, 1978. 

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