Gastric neuroendocrine tumors

Nevertheless, special attention is necessary for the management of patients with large (1.6- to 2.0-cm) and deeply invasive type I well-differentiated ECL tumors that tend to have a low-grade malignant behavior. This clinical profile closely matches that of the 197 chronic atrophic gastritis-associated gastric neuroendocrine tumors previously published and of the 27 similar tumors included in the series of 104 gastric carcinoids recently reported. 

Lifetable analysis of gastric carcinoids in the SEER (1973-1991) file. The overall observed 5-year survival rate is 48.6%. This grouping may, however, reflect the outcome of a variety of different types of gastric neuroendocrine tumors. Many of the tumors were probably of the sporadic type (type III), whose prognosis is very much worse than the lesions associated with hypergastrinemia (types I and II). 

Much research has also been conducted on everolimus and other mTOR inhibitors for use in a number of cancers. The PDA has recently approved everolimus for organ rejection prophylaxis on April 22, 2010. A Phase II trial reports it is effective in the treatment of subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SEGA) associated with tuberous sclerosis. In Oct 2010, the PDA approved its use in SEGA unsuitable for surgery. As of Oct 2010 Phase III trials are under way in breast cancer, gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NET), and lymphoma. ... 

The positive staining for AE1/AE3 and CAMS.2 that is seen in gastric carcinoids can help distinguish them from secondary involvement of the gastrointestinal tract by other neuroendocrine tumors such as pheochromocytoma and retroperitoneal paraganglioma. 

CD57 (leu 7) Neuroendocrine tumors T-cell lymphoma and pre T-ALL, chordoma, MPNST, germ cell tumors, papillary thyroid carcinoma, thymic carcinoma, germ cell tumors, synovial sarcoma, carcinoid tumors, schwannoma, mesothelioma, astrocytoma and glioblastoma NK-cells, Schwann cells, gastric chief cells, adrenal medulla, pancreatic islets, renal tubular epithelium, epithelial cells of thymic cortex, retina, oligodendrocytes... 

SST receptors have been identilied in vitro on the membrane of a variety of tumor cells, especially in neuroendocrine tumors, tumors of the nervous system, lymphomas, breast cancers, prostate cancers, gastric cancers, and so on (116,117). In addition, some human tumors (such as colorectal cancers) that exhibit no detectable SST receptor still have a high receptor density in vascular systems surrounding the tumor tissues (119). 

Neuroendocrine tumors of the stomach previously were felt to be responsible for approximately 0.3% of all gastric tumors and 3% to 5% of all gastrointestinal carcinoids. More recently, however, these estimates have variously risen to 11% to 41% of all gastrointestinal neuroendocrine lesions. This increase most likely represents an increase in awareness as well as an association with specific disease entities, such as atrophic gastritis. 

Gastric cancer with liver metastases Breast cancer with liver metastases Ovarian cancer with liver metastases Neuroendocrine tumors adrenocortical Eli Completed NCT01262235 Corporation... 

Hakanson R, Ekelund M, Sundler F (1984) Activation and proliferation of gastric endocrine cells. In S Falkmer, R Hakanson, F Sundler (eds) Evolution and tumor pathology of the neuroendocrine system. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 371-398... 

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