Functional safety life cycle management

S Functional safety life cycle management (FSLCM) ... 

Safety instrumented systems (SIS) play a major part in industrial risk management as risk reduction measures. The main European standard for functional safety of SIS, denoted electrical / electronic / programmable electronic (E/E/PE) safety-related systems, is the EC 61508 (lEC, 2005a). The second edition will soon be adopted in 2009 (EC, 2009). Objectives are to enable the design of SIS, and the development of apphca-tion sector standards. Such examples are EC 61511 (lEC, 2004) for process industry, and EC 62061 (EC 2005b) for machinery. One of the main contributions of EC 61508 is to consider the overall system and software safety life cycle. The standard fi amework, with the corresponding normative parts and subclauses, is ... 

Safety life cycle All required activities involved in the implementation of safety instrumented functions occurring during a period of time that starts at the concept phase of a project and finishes with decommissioning including management of change. 

In accordance with lEC 61508/61511, the overall required safety management and proper technical activities relates with all documentation for SIS are summarized in safety life cycle. The purpose of analysis phase is to identify hazards and assess safety requirements of SIS. Safety Requirements Specification (SRS) of SIS should contain critical information which includes functional description... 

For safety, lEC 61508 [8] is the basic functional safety standard, which covers the complete safety life cycle. It describes techniques and procedures for analysis, realization and operation of safety critical systems. With respect to security, lEC 61508 Ed 2.0 (2010) contains only a few requirements Security threats are to be considered during hazard analysis in the form of a security threat analysis (lEC 61508, Part 1, 7.4.2.3). The ISO/IEC 27000-series describes best-practices advice for information security management. They consider classic security-critical systems such as databases, servers and corporate networks. Nevertheless, we use the terms as they are defined in the ISO/IEC 27000-series for this publication and those from lEC 61508 for safety. 

The EEC standard sets out procedures for managing and implementing a safety life cycle (abbr SLC) of activities in support of a functional safety system. Hence, we can map the various parts of the standard on to our previous diagram of the safety life cycle as shown in the next diagram. 

The hazard 1 study may have decided that functional safety items such as hazards arising fi om operation of the process or its equipment should be managed in accordance with the principles laid down in lEC 61508. In such cases the hazard study team will be directed to provide inputs to the Safety Life-Cycle (SLC) Phase 2 and Phase 3 studies and to provide continuing support for the SLC studies. 

Introduction and commercial application Safety and the environment have become important elements of all parts of the field life cycle, and involve all of the technical and support functions in an oil company. The Piper Alpha disaster in the North Sea in 1988 has resulted in a major change in the approach to management of safety of world-wide oil and gas exploration and production activities. Companies recognise that good safety and environmental management make economic sense and are essential to guaranteeing long term presence in the industry. 

What is also important to realize is that different activities are done during the various life-cycle phase. Some of the activities are repeated and some are not. Also, some of the work is performed as a management function and some as an engineering function. The rest of this book details how each of these safety tools can be applied, their pitfalls, and suggestions for maximum utilization at the most reasonable cost. 

The management of radioactive waste is a function potentially spanning all stages in the life cycle of a facility. Guidance on the management of radioactive wastes is provided jointly by the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) and Environment Agency (EA) (References 15.1 and 15.2). 

This involves two basic types of assessment. The first is the assessment of management procedures (similar to but more rigorous than an ISO 9001 audit). Appendix 1 of this book provides a Functional Safety Capability template procedure which should be adequate as an addition to an ISO 9001 quality management system. The second is an assessment of the implementation of these procedures. Thus, the life-cycle activities described in Chapters 2, 3, and 4 would be audited, for one or more projects, to establish that the procedures are being put into practice. 

The organization would show evidence of both audits and reviews of the procedure in order to claim compliance. Compliance with ISO 9001 is strongly indicated if one is aiming to claim functional safety compliance. The life-cycle activities are so close to the ISO 9001 requirements that it is hard to imagine a claim which does not include them. The ISO 9001 quality management system would need to be enhanced to include ... 

The requirements for the management of functional safety and life-cycle activities are basically the same as given in lEC 61508 and are therefore covered hy the preceding chapters. The life cycle is required to he included in the project Quality and Safety Plan. 

Procedures need to be in place to manage, and document, the competence (both in the technical knowledge of the technologies and in functional safety) of all those involved in the SIS life cycle. 

The life-cycle activities are summarized in this section. They are implemented, by XYZ Ltd, by means of The Quality Management System (to ISO 9001 standard) by means of this standard and the associated Functional Safety Procedures (/OOl—008). 

Where the Company Functional Safety Manager has made the decision to include an assessment of life-cycle rigor then the activities necessary to demonstrate conformance to a SIL target are summarized, in tabular form, in Work lnstruction/005—Life-cycle activities. Reference to the evidence which satisfies each requirement will be entered in the... 

It is visualized by a flow chart diagram showing the procedures suggested for the management of the safety functions at each stage of the life cycle. 

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