Fruits recommendations

As indicated in the Preface, this book does not claim to be comprehensive. Fortunately there are a number of other books which cover all or some aspects of diazo chemistry and can be recommended for further reading. Some of these will be mentioned briefly in this section. Older books are not included. The latter are still useful, however, for chemists who are interested in the future of their science not just from a pragmatic viewpoint, but also with regard to identifying potentially fruitful future scientific developments based on old problems. Such problems were frequently not followed up in the past because no suitable methods or theoretical concepts were available at that time - but the necessary methods may be already available today or may become so in the future ... 

The general recommendations on energy and fat intake are similar to those for the avoidance of heart disease. However, the recommendation to consume a variety of fruits and vegetables is based partly on the putative presence of diverse protective factors in plant foods. This concept does provide, at least in principle, a rationale for the functional health benefits of plant foods beyond the simple provision of nutrients at a level that prevents symptoms of deficiency. 

Vitamin C occurs as L-ascorbic acid and dihydroascorbic acid in fruits, vegetables and potatoes, as well as in processed foods to which it has been added as an antioxidant. The only wholly undisputed function of vitamin C is the prevention of scurvy. Although this is the physiological rationale for the currently recommended intake levels, there is growing evidence that vitamin C may provide additional protective effects against other diseases including cancer, and the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) may be increased in the near future. Scurvy develops in adults whose habitual intake of vitamin C falls below 1 mg/d, and under experimental conditions 10 mg/d is sufficient to prevent or alleviate symptoms (Bartley et al., 1953). The RDA is 60 mg per day in the USA, but plasma levels of ascorbate do not achieve saturation until daily intakes reach around 100 mg (Bates et al., 1979). Most of the ascorbate in human diets is derived from natural sources, and consumers who eat five portions, or about 400-500 g, of fruits and vegetables per day could obtain as much as 200 mg of ascorbate. 

Since fruit and vegetable consumption is recommended as part of a healthy lifestyle, it could be argued that there is no need to obtain detailed safety data on individual phytochemicals that are present in these items of the diet. This ignores the fact that ... 

Many people do not eat sufficient quantities of fruits and vegetables. Professional food and cancer associations are alarmed because of the increasing rates of nutrition-related illnesses and recommend diets rich in fruits and vegetables. Epi-... 

There is usually no need to supplement with specific vitamins. Patients should be encouraged to eat a well balanced diet and should also take a multivitamin and mineral supplement. Some clinicians recommend vitamins C and E for their antioxidant properties however, no significant improvements have been shown compared to placebo. Encourage patients to eat a diet rich in vitamin C and E (i.e., bright colored fruits and vegetables, nuts, and whole grains). Metabolism of levodopa may cause elevated homocysteine concentrations that... 

O The single most important risk factor for the development of lung cancer is smoking, and the most effective way for high-risk patients to reduce their risk is to stop smoking. Additional recommendations should include an increase in dietary intake of fruits and vegetables. 

Although parathion has not been recommended to date for insect control on soft fruits, there are indications that some injurious insects may be controlled by applications of parathion. Experimental sprays of 1 pound of the 25% wettable powder per 100 gallons of water were applied to soft fruits to determine the amount of parathion residue that would remain on the surface at harvest time. The parathion residue at harvest time is presented in Table I. 

The vast majority of patients with colonic diverticula will remain entirely asymptomatic. There are no data to support any therapeutic recommendations or routine follow-up in this large population, although it is reasonable to recommend a diet high in fruit and vegetable fiber. 

Naska A, Vasdekis V, Trichopoulou A, Friel S, Leonhauser I and Moreira G. 2000. Fruits and vegetable availability among ten European countries how does it compare with the five-a-day recommendation Brit J Nutr 84 549-556. 

The development of nontransmittable chronic illnesses is associated with the presence of oxidative agents in the body. These agents are found in air, water, or food or can be produced in the body s cells. Their high content in body cells causes an imbalance that results in oxidative stress damaging proteins, DNA, and others. As a result of this deterioration, an increase in the risk of nontransmittable chronic illnesses has been noted. In order to prevent or decrease oxidative stress, the consumption of foods rich in antioxidants, such as fruits and vegetables, is recommended (van Dokkum and others 2008 Liu 2003). 

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