From soy-bean

Stigmasterol from soy bean extracts can be selectively ozonolyzed on the side-chain double bond. The 20-formyl group formed is converted to the enamine with piperidine. This can be oxidized to progesterone. 

The objective of the project described is to obtain insight in the relation between the chemical fine-structure of polysaccharides from soy bean cell walls and their functional properties in industrial products and how they effect processing. Soy meal is of great importance in the feed industry. The application of the (modified) soy bean cell wall polysaccharides as a food additive will be investigated. The obtained knowledge of the polysaccharide structures will also be used in studies concerned with the improvement of the in vivo digestibility of these polysaccharides. 

The yield and the composition of the fractions from soy bean meal obtmned with isolating WUS is shown in Table 1. The removal of cold water solubles, proteins and starch from soy meal was successful. The larger part of the material appeared in CWS, 59.1%. UFF contained mainly oligosaccharides and some water soluble proteins and UFR contained mainly water soluble proteins. The solution of SDSS and DTT extracted the residual proteins from the soy meal and the extract consisted for over 80% of proteins. Since the yield of the HWS fraction is only 0.4%, the composition is not discussed here. The remaining WUS contained 90% of NSP and the yield was 15.7%, which indicates that from the polysaccharides present in soy meal 92% was recovered in the WUS. By isolating WUS a fraction is obtained in which almost all cell wall polysaccharides are recovered and which contained only little other components. 

Table 1. Yield and composition of fractions from soy bean meal as percentage dry weight.

The basis for contrast agents derived from nutrional products was Intralipid, which had been prepared from phospholipids obtained from soy bean oil and egg yolk [86]. Intralipid was chemically modified by iodination into Intraiodol, which contained 50 mgl mbThe particles formed in the emulsion were mostly taken up by the hepatocytes and to a lesser extent by the RES [87,88]. Intraiodol was better tolerated than EOE-13 or its precursor, AG 60.99. The addition of cholesterol to Intraiodol resulted in NRI 757 with an iodine concentration of 42 mg mL b Further modifications by replacing the iodinated triglycerides of Intraiodol by ethiodized poppy seed oil and reducing the cholesterol content to... 

CCM is considered to ameliorate the interfering effect of phytates consumed by animals, and as a result enhance Ca absorption and bioavailability. A study in chicks by Lihono et ah (1997a) directly investigated this possibility in food derived from soy beans. The effects of microbially derived phytase enzyme treatments on the bioavailability of Ca from soy-based foods fed to young male broiler chickens were examined in two separate experiments. In experiment one, the effect of phytase was tested when day-old chicks were fed com/soybean-meal-based diets, with or without 0.12% added phytase, that also included Ca from CCM (at levels 0%, 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3% to provide total Ca of 0.45%, 0.55%, 0.65%, and 0.75%, respectively) or Ca from CaCOs (at the 1% level, which... 

Soy sauce is a uniquely Japanese seasoning prepared from soy beans and wheat. Aldiough soy sauce is made from soy beans, it has a highly desirable flavor without the beany aroma. Soy sauce is currently used not only in the preparation of many Japanese cuisines but also in the preparation of many popular western dishes such as l f steaks, poultry, and stews. Japan has more than 2,300 soy sauce producing firms. Soy sauce production in Japan is l,200,000kL per year at a cost of about 239.4 billion yen ( 1,840 million U.S.). The per capita consumption of soy sauce in Japan is 2,947 yen ( 22.70 U.S.) per year. By comparison, the per capita yearly consumption of sugar in Japan is 2,318 yen ( 17.80 U.S.). This indicates the relative impact of soy sauce as a fo adjuvant for the Japanese consumer. 

Cochleates are readily lyophilized to free flowing powders that can be incorporated into capsules for oral administration or resuspended in aqueous vehicles for injection. Since they are generally made from phosphatidylserine, itself mainly obtained from soy beans, the claim had been made that they are non-toxic. However, cytoplasmic transfer of incorporated material does undoubtedly occur and this may affect physiological or toxicological profiles of incorporated drugs. Such claims as a generality may be acceptable but when it comes to specific cases, some initial caution would seem to be justified. 

Lipoxygenases, of which the enzyme from soy beans has been studied the most, also catalyze oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in lipids as indicated in Eq. 21-17. Formation of the hydroperoxide product is accompanied by a shift of the double bond and conversion from cis to trans configuration. Soybean lipoxygenase is a member of a family of related lipoxygenases that are found in all eukaryotes. All... 

Acid proteases play an important role in two major areas of food processing—cheese making and the production of fermented foods by molds from soy beans, rice, and other cereals. 

The results thus far described permit the conclusion that the mycobacterial inositol-phospholipids are mannosides of a typical phosphatidyl-inositide, as isolated in recent years by Faure and Morelec-Coulon from wheat germ and ox heart, by Hawthorne and ChargalF ) and by Okuhara and Nakayama from soy bean, and by Carter and coworkers from sweet peas. The phosphoric acid is linked to the L-l-hydroxyl group of the m)/o-inositol. ... 

Glycerophospholipids (PL) are abundant lipid components found in Nature [1]. Most vegetable oils, fish oil and egg yolk are particularly rich in mixtures of phospholipids. They are characterized by the presence of a polar head and two fatty acid chains in the apolar part of the molecule. The two acyl chains mainly consist of saturated fatty acid residues in the snl position and mainly (poly)unsaturated fatty acid chains in the sn2 position. Mixtures of phospholipids at low cost are obtained from the degumming process of vegetable oils. Lecithin, the main component of the mixture, has the polar head characterized by the choline residue. It is usually defined as phosphatidyl choline (PC) and it is understood that the composition of the apolar part is composed of mixtures of fatty acid residues dependent to a large extent on the source of the raw material (fatty acid chains composition of PC from soy beans palmitic 11.6%, stearic 3.4%, oleic 4.6%, linoleic 66.4%, linolenic 8.7%). Scheme 1 shows a PC with two defined acyl chains at the glycerol backbone l-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-5n-glycero-3-phosphocholine (PLPC). 

Hamann et al. (1988) developed a urea sensor based on a pH glass electrode (Forschungsinstitut Meinsberg, GDR) and urease from soy beans with a specific activity of 2 U/mg. The enzyme was immobilized by dipping the wetted sensor tip first into crystalline urease and then into a solution of methylene chloride containing 21-25 mg/ml of cellulose triacetate. After evaporation of the solvent an amount of enzyme corresponding to 3 U remained at the sensor. The layer thickness and the diffusion coefficient of urea in the layer were dermined to be 30-50 pm... 

The side chains in tragacanthic acid have subsequently been encountered in the pectin-like polysaccharides from soy-bean cotyledons40 and soy-bean hulls.126 Very small proportions of single D-... 

Whistler, R.L. J. Saarnio. Galactomannan from soy bean hulls./. Chem. Soc. 1957, 6055-6057. 

Lecithins, mainly from soy-beans and egg yolk, are convenient emulsifiers and wide-range supplements in food industry [42, 43]. In cosmetics and pharmaceuticals they act as emulsifiers, emollients and liposomal carriers for unstable active ingredients [44,46,121,122]. 

Trypsin inhibitors Serine proteases 10-100 pg/ml Trypsin inhibitor from soy beans is instable in alkaline solutions... 

Experimental Oils. DAG was prepared by esterifying glycerol with fatty acids from soy bean oil using 1,3-specific lipase and purified by silicic acid chromatography (12). Of the total fatty acids in DAG oil emulsion used in this study, 90% existed as the 1,3-DAG and 1,2-DAG isomers in a ratio of 7 3, whereas <10% of total fatty acids were TAG. The TAG oil emulsion was prepared by mixing rapeseed and safflower oils to make the fatty acid composition almost the same as that of the DAG oil (Table 1). The combustion energies of DAG and TAG measured using a bomb calorimeter did not differ (9.1 kcal/g). 

Syringolides Escherichia coli with avir gene A glycolipid elicitor 34 kDa protein in soluble fraction from soy bean cell cultures 40... 

Bowman, D. E., 1941, Fractions derived from soy beans and navy beans which retard tryptic digestion of casein, Proc. Soc. 

Birk, Y. (1961). Purification and some properties of a highly active inhibitor of trypsin and a-chymotrypsin from soy beans. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 54, 378-381. 

Milk free Milk must be ellmineted from the diets of people who heve milk allergies. Many types of baked items may be made from watei as well as from mik, hut it may be better to use inutaiion milks made from soy beans because they am rich m proien and and other nutrients. Nondairy creamers and coflee whiieners sometimes contain protein derived from mik, so they may aggravate allergies... 

Abalos, A., Pinazo, A., Infante, M. R. Physicochemical and antimicrobial properties of new rhamnolipids produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa AT 10 from soy bean oil refinery wastes. 2001,17,1367-1371. 

Canavanine, isolated from soy bean meal, resembles arginine in being a guanidine derivative and yielding urea on alkaline hydrolysis (4) Amino Acids derived from Valerianic Acid ... 

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