In vivo digestibility

Zikakis, J. P., Rzucidlo, S. J. and Biasotlo, N. O. 1977. Persistence of bovine milk xanthine oxidase activity after gastric digestion in vivo and in vitro. J. Dairy Sci. 60, 533-541. 

Table 19.9 Comparison of several laboratory methods for predicting the organic matter digestibility in vivo of grass silage...

Modified starches are considered normal food components, because analogous products are formed during technological operations and starch digestion in vivo. Their digestibility is therefore... 

Destructive techniques have been widely applied to determine the concentration of key elements In cells and other biota, but beside being Incapable of use in vivo, they offer no Information on the chemical nature of the element In question. For example, acid digestion of cells which have accumulated various organotln species, and subsequent traditional analysis by atomic absorption (AA) spectroscopy or element-specific spectrofluorlmetry, will produce quantitative data on the amount of tin present, but will reveal nothing about the coordination environment of the metal on the cell surface prior to destruction. 

CARBONARO M, GRANT G, CAPPELLONi M, puszTAi A (2000) Perspectives into factors limiting in vivo digestion of legume proteins antinutritional compormds or storage proteins JAgric Food Chem. 48 742-9. 

HARA T, MUKUNOKIY, TSUKAMOTO I, MiYOSHi M, HASEGAWA K (1984) Susceptibility of Kintoki bean lectin to digestive enzymes in vitro and its behavior in the digestive organs of mouse in vivo. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 30 381-94. 

In this model, no attempt is made to reproduce the in vivo physiochemical conditions occurring in the lumen of the human small intestine during digestion. This cell culture model only provides information about the intestinal absorption and metabolism processes of the compound. Using this cell culture system in con-... 

In the in vitro digestion method, the compound of interest is transferred from the food matrix to a bile salt micelle suspension that simulates the in vivo digestion process. This in vitro digestion procedure was first developed to estimate iron availability from meals and since then has been modified and applied to studying carotenoid bioaccessibility from various food matrices. This approach assesses the bioaccessibility of the compound from a certain meal before it is presented to and taken up by intestinal cells. 

One recent report involving the use of the in vitro digestion procedure noted that the micellarization of zeaxanthin from digested foods was dependent on its degree of esterification with transfer efficiency levels of 80, 44, and 11%, respectively, for the free form, monoesters, and diesters of zeaxanthin." In vivo studies" " ... 

The objective of the project described is to obtain insight in the relation between the chemical fine-structure of polysaccharides from soy bean cell walls and their functional properties in industrial products and how they effect processing. Soy meal is of great importance in the feed industry. The application of the (modified) soy bean cell wall polysaccharides as a food additive will be investigated. The obtained knowledge of the polysaccharide structures will also be used in studies concerned with the improvement of the in vivo digestibility of these polysaccharides. 

Niclosamide inhibits oxidative phosphorylation and stimulates adenosine tripho-sphatese activity in the mitochondria of cestodes, killing the scolex and proximal segments of the tapeworm both in vitro and in vivo. The scolex of the tapeworm, then loosened from the gut wall, may be digested in the intestine and thus may not be identified in the stool even after extensive purging [90,91], Niclosamide is not appreciably absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract [92,93] and the side effects have primarily been limited to gastrointestinal symptoms. 

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