For Europe

The gasoline end point should not exceed a given value, currently established for Europe at 215°C. In fact the presence of too-heavy fractions leads to incomplete combustion and to a number of accompanying problems ... 

In France, Superplus represented in 1993 about 90% of the demand for unleaded gasoline which itself has attained 40% of the total sales. Remember that this is an unusual situation for Europe because in most other countries Eurosuper has the major share. 

Finished product specifications and future constraints for Europe. 

Design Institute for Physical Property Data dimethylformamide dimethylsulfoxide I distribution octane number Economic Commission for Europe j European Economic Community i (Communaute Economique Europeenne)... 

Estimates of world demand iu 1979 were as high as 1300 x 10 lU of vitamin D. This was divided iuto thirds for Europe, the United States, and the rest of the world, respectively. Of this demand, 90% was estimated for animal-feed fortification and 10% for food and pharmaceutical uses. It is estimated that the demand will be 1500—1600 x 10 IU iu 1997 for animal usage and 100 x 10 IU for human use. The United States will require approximately 500 TU (1 trillion units = 25 kg i j -vitamin D or 17 t of resiu) for animal use and 30 TU (approximately 1 t of crystalline (7j -vitamin D ) for human use. This represents approximately 50 t of vitamin D resiu/yr for animal use worldwide and about 2.5 t of crystalline vitamin D for human use. A substantial proportion of the vitamin D is imported, and with all uses iucluded, it is estimated that 80—90% of the sales are of vitamin D. ... 

World Health Organization, "Air Quality Guidelines for Europe." Copenhagen, 1987. 

The shift to personal autos was slower in many European countries, where many of the population could not afford autos, and where the governments placed veiy high taxes on gasoline and automobiles. Bicycles, motorcycles and public transportation continued to be widely used in these countries. In addition to the economic factor, there was a cultural reason for Europe s slower embrace of the automobile. Europeans have long lived with high population density within finite borders. The United States of the 1940s was a far more rural nation, with sprawling farmland inside the borders of major cities. That autos took up lots of space in a city was an obvious drawback to the European mind, hut irrelevant in Texas. 

United Nations. Economic Commission for Europe. (1983). An EfFicicnt Energy Future Prospect for Europe and Nonh Ameriea. Boston Author. 

Rainfall, besides wetting the metal surface, can be beneficial in leaching otherwise deleterious soluble species and this can result in marked decreases in corrosion rate . A recent survey of rainfall analyses for Europe has shown that, with the exception of the UK, the acidity and sulphate content of rainfall markedly increased in the period 1956 to 1966, pH values having fallen by 0 05 to 0-10 units per ann. The exception of the UK may be due to anti-pollution measures introduced in this period. However, even in the UK a pH of 4 is not uncommon for rainfall in industrial areas. The significance of electrolyte solution pH will be discussed in the context of corrosion mechanisms. The remaining cases of electrolyte formation are those in which it exists in equilibrium with air at a relative humidity below 100%. 

Prepared under the auspices of the Working Party on Gas of the Economic Commission for Europe... 

Air Quality Guidelines for Europe. World Health Organization, European Series No. 23. 

Besides the IPCC AR4, several specific works make reference to climate projections for Europe and/or the Mediterranean, some being related with the PRUDENCE project also. One particular study is that of Sanchez et al. [11] where... 

Deque M, Rowell DP, Liithi D, Giorgi E, Christensen JH, Rockel B, Jacob D, Kjellstrom E, de Castro M, van den Hurk B (2007) An intercomparison of regional climate simulations for Europe assessing uncertainties in model projections. Clim Change 81 53-70 doi 10.1007/ S10584-006-9228-X... 

Table 1.5 is a breakdown of the consumption by additive class. Total EU additive consumption is reported as 6989 kt (1997) growing up to 9031 kt (2002), with tillers 4346 kt, plasticisers 940 kt and colourants 728 kt (in 1997) being the main classes. Additive consumption by polymer classification for Europe is given in Table 1.6. 

Additional guidelines on pharmaceutical cleanroom classifications (which became effective on January 1, 1997, for Europe) are contained in Ref. 263. 

Messing, Marcel. A Door will open for Europe. Hermetic J, no. 27 (Spring 1985) 5-21. 

WHO. 1987. Hydrogen sulfide. In Air quality guidelines for Europe. Copenhagen, Denmark World Health Organization Regional Publications, European series no. 23. 

Robinson GS, Baumann S, Kleinbaum D, et al. 1985. Effects of low to moderate lead exposure on brainstem auditory evoked potentials in children Environmental health document 3. Copenhagen, Denmark World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe, 177-182. 

WHO. 1986. Regional Office for Europe Air quality guidelines. Vol. 11. Geneva, Switzerland World Health Organization, 1-34. 

UN/ECE, United Nations/Economic Council for Europe (1979) The 1979 Geneva convention on long-range transboundary air pollution. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, http //www.unece.org/env/lrtap/lrtap hl.html... 

Jefferys, D. and Jones, K. 1995. EMEA and the new pharmaceutical procedures for Europe. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 47, 471-476. 

Climate studies conducted within the AT project have compared the skill of RCMs in reproducing observed means and extremes, examined how climate change will affect mean precipitation and mean temperature and examined the estimated future occurrence of extreme precipitation and varied aspects of hydrology for Europe, Spain and the Ebro [35, 36]. 

WISE (2008a) Water notes on the implementation of the Water Framework Directive. Water Note 1 - Joining forces for Europe s shared waters coordination in international river basin districts, http //ec.europa.eu/environment/water/water-framework/pdf/water noteljoining forces.pdf... 

Mitchell TD, Carter TR, Jones PD, Hulme M, New M (2004) A comprehensive set of high-resolution grids of monthly climate for Europe and the globe the observed record (1901-2000) and 16 scenarios. Tyndall Working Paper 55. Tyndall Centre, UEA, Norwich... 

Figure 5. Average Accumulated Exceedance (AAE) of critical loads of acidity (update 2004) for Europe by acid deposition in 2000 (Hettelingh et al., 2004).

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