Dimethylformamide Dimethylsulfoxide

Design Institute for Physical Property Data dimethylformamide dimethylsulfoxide I distribution octane number Economic Commission for Europe j European Economic Community i (Communaute Economique Europeenne)... 

They are attacked by fuming sulfuric acid, some amines, strong bases, ketones, esters, dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide. 

A term, usually referring to a solvent, describing a compound which act neither as a proton donor nor a proton acceptor. Examples of polar aprotic solvents include dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, acetone, acetonitrile, sulfur dioxide, and hexamethylphosphoramide. Examples of nonpolar aprotic solvents include benzene and carbon tetrachloride. Studies of reactions in protic and aprotic solvents have demonstrated the importance of solvation on reactants, leaving groups, and transition states. Degrees of nucleophilicity as well as acidity are different in aprotic solvents. For example, small, negatively charged nucleophiles react more readily in polar aprotic solvents. It should also be noted that extremely... 

The zinc and cadmium tellurolato complexes are air-sensitive polymeric solids14 which should be handled under inert gas. They are sparingly soluble in petroleum and chlorocarbons but readily dissolved by coordinating solvents (N,AT-dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, or pyridine). Zn(TeAr)2 forms a crystalline 1 2 adduct with 2-methyl-lH-imidazole, Zn(TeAr)2(imid)2. Heating solutions of Zn(TeAr)2 and Cd(TeAr)2 in mesitylene leads to formation of ZnTe and CdTe, respectively. H NMR Zn(TeAr)2 (DMSO-d6) <5 2.1 (s, 3H), 2.4 (s, 6H), 6.8 (s, 2H) Cd(TeAr)2 (pyridine-d5) 5 2.13 (s, 3H), 2.3 (s, 6H), 6.72 (s, 2H). 

Dipolar aprotic organic solvents, e.g., acetonitrile, tetrahydrofurane, dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, sulfolane, methylene chloride, y-butyrolactonc, etc ... 

Figure 2 shows the spectral response functions (5,(r), Eq. 1) derived firom the spectra of Fig. 1. In order to adequately display data for these varied solvents, whose dynamics occur on very different time scales, we employ a logarithmic time axis. Such a representation is also useful because a number of solvents, especially the alcohols, show highly dispersive response functions. For example, one observes in methanol significant relaxation taking place over 3-4 decades in time. (Mdtiexponential fits to the methanol data yield roughly equal contributions from components with time constants of 0.2, 2, and 12 ps). Even in sinqrle, non-associated solvents such as acetonitrile, one seldom observes 5,(r) functions that decay exponentially in time. Most often, biexponential fits are required to describe the observed relaxation. This biexponential behavior does not reflect any clear separation between fast inertial dynamics and slower diffusive dynamics in most solvents. Rather, the observed spectral shift usually appears to sirrply be a continuous non-exponential process. That is not to say that ultrafast inertial relaxation does not occur in many solvents, just that there is no clear time scale separation observed. Of the 18 polar solvents observed to date, a number of them do show prominent fast components that are probably inertial in origin. For example, in the solvents water [16], formamide, acetoniuile, acetone, dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, and nitromethane [8], we find that more than half of the solvation response involves components with time constants of 00 fs.

Aminabhavi, T.M., Gopalakrishna, B., 1995. Density, viscosity, refractive index, and speed of sound in aqueous mixtures of A,A-dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, A,A-dimethylace-tamide, acetonitrile, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,4-dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methoxyethanol, and 2-ethoxy-ethanol at 298.15 K. J. Chem. Eng. Data 40, 856-861. Barzegar-Jalali, M., Jouyban-Gharamaleki, A., 1996. Models for calculating solubility in binary solvent systems. Int. J. Pharm. 140, 237-246. 

The substrate to be glycosylated by a glycosidase should be at least partly soluble in water. The solubility can be enhanced by addition of water-miscible solvents, for example, acetonitrile, dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, dioxane, or tert-butyl alcohol. Concentrations of co-solvents up to 30% are usually well tolerated by most glycosidases. In contrast to lipases, lowering the water activity by co-solvents usually does not increase yields, the improved solubility of the acceptor and of the donor is the only decisive factor. There are, however, examples... 

Acetonitrile is frequently used for the desorption of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydra-zones of carbonyl compounds collected on silica gel [39,40,59], while CS2 is used for samples collected onto charcoal and dichloromethane for samples collected onto Anasorb 747 [59]. Carbon disulphide is particularly suitable for the desorption of nonpolar compounds but gives less satisfactory outcomes for the polar compounds. To overcome this shortcoming, polar cosolvents such as dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide and ethanol are added to CS, to increase the recovery of polar analytes [36]. In addition, the use of CS2 suffers from a number of other drawbacks, including the facts that (1) it reacts with amines and volatile chlorocarbons (2) it is unsuitable when electron detectors (e.g. electron capture detectors, ECDs) are used, (3) it is toxic and (4) has an unpleasant odour [36]. 

Polar solvents such as dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, and tetrahydrofuran-water mixtures behave differently in that polyelectrolyte behavior is observed at extreme dilution for sulfonate ionomers therefore, the behavior described above does not apply directly to these solvent systems. 

Alkylierungen verlaufen unter den iiblichen basischen Reaktionsbedingungen zu Alkoxy-Derivaten (in Aceton, Dimethylformamid, Dimethylsulfoxid)139,680,850 1471 147S. 

Halogen-areno-l,3-thiazole lassen sich mit primaren und sekundaren Aminen in 2-Amino-areno-1,3-thiazole uberfuhren. Die Reaktion wird zumeist in Losungsmitteln wie beispielsweise Dimethylformamid, Dimethylsulfoxid, 1,1,2,2-Tetrachlor-ethan oder Ethanol durchgefuhrt. 

CHLOROTRIAZINE (108-77-0) Reacts with moist air, forming fumes of hydrogen chloride fumes. Violent exothermic reaction with water above 86°F/30°C or steam, forming hydrogen chloride and cyanic acid. Violent reaction with ethanol, dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, methanol. Isolate from alcohols and caustic materials. 

GLYCERYL TRICHLORHYDRIN (96-18-4) Combustible liquid (flash point 164°F/ 74°C cc). Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, alkalis. Incompatible with dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, V,V-dimethylacetamide, chemically active metals Aluminum, magnesium, zinc, or their alloys may cause decomposition. 

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