Food, interaction with

One serious adverse reaction associated with the use of the MAOIs is hypertensive crisis (extremely high blood pressure), which may occur when foods containing tyramine (an amino acid present in some foods) are eaten (see Home Care Checklist Avoiding Drug Food Interactions With MAOIs). 

AVOIDING DRUG-FOOD INTERACTIONS WITH MAOIs... 

If the patient is prescribed an MAOI, it is critical that the nurse give the patient a list of foods containing tyramine. When teaching the patient, the nurse emphas zesthe importance of not eating any of the foods on the list. (See Home Care Checklist Avoiding Drug-Food Interactions With MAOIs)... 

Although specific drug or food interactions with mifepristone have not been studied, on the basis of this drug s metabolism by CYP3A4, it is possible that ketoconazole, itraconazole, erythromycin, and grapefruit juice may inhibit its metabolism (increasing serum levels of mifepristone). Furthermore, rifampin, dexamethasone, St. John s wort, and certain anticonvulsants (e.g., phenytoin, phenobarbital, and carbamazepine) may induce mifepristone metabolism (lowering serum levels of mifepristone)... 

Jonkman, J. H. Food interactions with sustained-release theophylline preparations. A review. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 16(3) 162—179, 1989. 

Table 2 Drug and food interactions with MAO inhibitors...

In the past, many or perhaps most publications on cellular solids in the nonfood literature were the result of interest in their performance at relatively small deformations (strains). In contrast, during their mastication, foods are subjected to very large compressive strains and are then tom apart. Moreover, in engineering and biomechanics applications, the solid foam is expected to be rather inert. Or, if it does interact with the environment, this would be a slow process that takes place on a time scale of months or years. In contrast, cellular foods interact with moisture very rapidly and the resulting changes can be quite unique, depending on the amount of water soluble components in their cell walls. 

Pharmacist can help a patient know if there are any drug-drug or drug-food interactions with their OTC medications. A thorough medication history of both prescription and non-prescription medication including herbal supplements is a vital component to pharmaceutical care. By evaluating the medication history, the pharmacist can help the consumer make... 

Rodvold KA, Meyer J. Drug-food interactions with grapefruit juice. Infect Med 1996 13 868-912. 

Food-medication interaction Determine if food interacts with medication. A food-drug interaction may result in an adverse effect. At times, medication is taken with food to reduce an upsetting side effect of the medication. On the other hand, food can slow absorption for some medications. 

Inhibition of liver MAO leaves the patient vulnerable to the so-called wine-and-cheese syndrome, with adverse cardiovascular effects caused by absorption of such vasoactive amines as tyramine into the general circulation [for review, see Blackwell et al. (23)], The syndrome can include severe headache and hypertension and may lead to cerebral hemorrhage and death. Although this is a real risk, it seems likely that fears of MAOfood interactions may have been grossly exaggerated. Pare (24) reviewed the evidence in 1985 and noted that despite the widespread use of MAO inhibitors in the previous decade there had only been 17 reports of food interactions with phenelzine (19) and none of these proved fatal. With tranylcypromine (23) seven deaths had been reported, but in only two of these could a definite relationship with diet be established. 

Adverse effects of tetracyclines include resistant bacteria, folliculitis, candidiasis, gastrointestinal upset, and phototoxic effects. Tetracyclines must not be combined with systemic retinoids because of the increased probability for development of intracranial hypertension. Tetracycline is used in the treatment of moderate to severe acne vulgaris. It is the least expensive of the tetracyclines and therefore often prescribed for initial therapy. A common initial approach includes tetracycline 1 g daily (500 mg twice daily), 1 hour before meals after 1 or 2 months, when marked improvement of inflammatory lesions is observed, the dose may be decreased to 500 mg every day, for another 1 or 2 months. Drawbacks to the use of tetracycline include also a drug-food interaction with dairy prodncts. 

Administered as a single, daily dose on an empty stomach Monoamine oxidase inhibitors drug-food interactions with tyramine-rich foods such as red wines, dark beers, aged cheeses, yogurt may precipitate hypertensive crisis drug interactions tricyclic antidepressants and SSRIs, sympathomimetics disulfiram-like reaction with alcohol... 

Phentolamine is useful in hypertensive conditions precipitated by excessive catecholamines in circulation. It is therefore still considered in the management of pheochro-mocytoma (preceding or during surgery on the tumor), accidental overdoses and hypertensive crises from drug or food interactions with MAO inhibitors, or the abrupt withdrawal of clonidine therapy. Both drugs, however, are rapidly becoming obsolete in view of new developments. 

The food interaction with lincomycin is well established and of clinical importance. Lincomycin should not be taken with food or within several hours of eating a meal if adequate serum levels are to be achieved. An alternative is clindamycin, a synthetic derivative of lincomycin, which has the same antibacterial spectrum but is not affected by food. 

O Sullivan TL. Drug-food interaction with isoniazid resembling anaphylaxis. Ann Pharma-cother 991)2, 92Z-9. 

Together, these examples show that the metals, sugars, and microbes in our bodies and food interact with chemical logic. Because the laws of chemistry have been constant over time, even human history has been ordered by chemistry in predictable and understandable patterns. 

Mineral substances found in food interact with water, with the organic matter present and with one another. These interactions affect the bioavafiabihty of elements in the diet. The chemical state of the element in the food is determined by food composition, pH, the possibihty of hydration of the metal ions, redox potential of the system and the related possibihty of changing the degree of oxidation of the element and other factors. The solubhity of the individual substances is closely associated with the resorption properties of the minerals. Food contains a number of components, such as amino acids, peptides, proteins, carbohydrates, Hgnin, phytic acid, organic acids and other compounds, which can bind minerals and thereby influence their biological availabhity. 

---