Food ingredients production, marine

A marine nutraceutical is defined as a marine-derived substance that can be used as a dietary supplement or a food ingredient that provides a medicinal or health benefit beyond basic nutrition [Barrow, C.. and F. Shahidi (2008). Marine Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods. CRC Press. 494 pp.] Cosmoceuticals are cosmetic products with drug-like benefits conferred by ingredients such as vitamins, phytochemicals, enzymes, antioxidants, and essential oils. 

D. Fish and Seafood By-Products Marine-Derived Food Ingredients... 

Despite the number of opportunities that the tools of marine biotechnology provide for production of food ingredients, numerous challenges remain. In order to maximize profits in the production of marine-derived compounds, cultivation techniques for select marine organisms must be... 

On the other hand, what are the options to still meet the requirements as adequately as possible In the author s opinion there are two possibilities, and both should be aimed at simultaneously. One is the selection of food ingredients that contain compounds that can fulfil the same roles that the additives previously filled, that is that the additive attributes are an integral part of the basic ingredients. The other possibility is to utilise the principles of modern technology and methods of packaging. This latter subject has already been discussed but it is of general interest in food production and not specific to marine-derived ingredients. It will therefore not be discussed further in this chapter. 

Proteins from marine sources show promise as functional ingredients in foods because they possess numerous important and unique properties such as film and foaming capacity, gel-forming ability, and antimicrobial activity (Table I). Some of the most prevalent marine proteins used in foods are collagen, gelatin, and albumin, all of which can be extracted from fish and seafood by-products. The protein protamine has also shown promise for use in the food industry as a natural antibacterial preservative. 

Kadam, S. U. and Prabhasankar, P. (2010). Marine foods as functional ingredients in bakery and pasta products—Review. Food Res. Int. 43(8), 1975-1980. 

At present, the field of marine natural products becomes more sophisticated. Seaweeds have drawn worldwide attention due to their involvement in many industrial applications. Seaweeds produce a variety of active components with different structures and interesting biological activities (Amarowicz et ah, 2004 Choi et ah, 2002 Kim and Bae, 2010 Kong et ah, 2009 Shibata et ah, 2008). The bioactive components isolated from seaweeds could be divided into polyphenols, peptides, polysaccharides, etc. Many of these active compoimds have been found to be useful functional ingredients in many industrial applications such as pharmaceutical, cosmeceutical, and fimctional food. 

Recent studies have provided evidence that marine-derived bioactive peptides including the compound derived from microalgae play a vital role in hmnan health and nutrition. In recent study, we have proved that two peptides isolated from N. incerta showed hepatoprotective activity. These evidences surest that due to valuable biological functions with health beneficial effects, marine microalgae-derived bioactive peptides have potential as active ingredients for preparation of various functional foods or nutraceutical and pharmaceutical products. 

Seaweeds and seaweed-derived products are underexploited marine bioresources and a source of natural ingredients for functional foods. Nutritional studies on seaweeds indicate that brown and red... 

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