Flavor and Extract Manufacturers’ Association

In 1992 a large number of flavor materials were allowable on the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA) and EDA fists (Tables 4... 

Flavor and Fragrance Materials, Flavors and Extracts Manufacturers Association, 1989. 

Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association of the United States (2004). "Respiratory Health and Safety in the Flavor Manufacturing Workplace.". Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association of the United States, Washington, DC. Available at http //www. femaflavor.org/html/public/Respiratory Rpt.pdf. 

About 3000 different molecules are used in the F F industry. Approximately half of them, mostly terpenes, are included in the FEMA (Flavor and Extracts Manufacturing Association) and FDA lists. However, only a few hundred compounds are used in larger than ton quantities. Terpenes constitute the vast majority of the aroma chemicals. They are obtained either by... 

Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (1991) D-Limonene monographa. Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association, Washington, p 1... 

Lucas, C.D., Putnam, J.M. Hallaghan, J.B. (1999) Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association of the United States 1995 Poundage and Technical Effects Update Survey, Washington DC, Flavor and Extract Manufactrrrers Association of the United States, p. 61... 

Health and Safety. This material has a Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) status indicated by the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association for use in flavors and by the Council of Europe for use as a flavor. Benzyl alcohol satisfies the most current guidelines published by (lie International Fragrance Association (IFRA) which governs the use of fragrance materials. 

Over. B.L. and R.A. Ford "FSMA Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association Expert Panel 30 Years of Safely Evaluation for the Flavor Industry," Food Technology. 84 (November 1991). 

FDA = United States Food and Drug Administration FEMA = Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association INS = International Numbering System NIST = National Institute of Standards and Technology USP = United States Pharmacopeia... 

The Food Chemicals Codex, Fifth Edition, uses the nomenclature convention (Z) and (E) to specify the structure of acyclic double bonds in organic chemicals, specifically cis and trans. The FCC name of the substance is followed, where available, by the number assigned to the substance by the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA) and by its synonym(s). The explanatory notes to the specifications in this section apply throughout the tabular series and are as follows ... 

In the U.S., FEMA (Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association) is in the process of drafting new guidelines for natural flavor/aroma chemicals and accepted processing methods (J 2). Apart from the accepted use of fermentation, heat reactions and enzymes, it is expected that inorganic acids and bases " wlll be allowable for use as catalysts. Obviously this could allow for production of certain natural flavors, in the absence of enzymes, under appropriate conditions, however the requirement for natural substrates will remain. 

See also Chemical Hazard Communication and Material Safety Data Sheets Environmental Protection Agency, US Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association Hazard Identification Hazardous Waste Occupational Safety and Health Administration. 

See also Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association Food Additives Food and Drug Administration, US International Fragrance Association (IFRA) Joint FAO/ WHO Expert Meetings (JECFA and JMPR) Research Institute for Fragrance Materials (RIFM). 

The Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA), founded in 1909, represents the interests of its members in the US flavor industry including flavor manufacturers, users, ingredient suppliers, and other interested parties. FEMA maintains a strong scientific program to evaluate the safety of flavor ingredients. 

Appendix 1.17 Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association, Page 511, Gwendolyn L. Ball SummaryPlus Full Text + Links PDF (32 K)... 

In response to the Food Additives Amendment, the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA) organized in 1960 a Panel of Expert Scientists (FEXPAN), not affiliated with the flavour industry, but with special competencies in toxicology, pharmacology and biochemistry. The Panel evaluated the GRAS status of the many hundreds of organic chemicals contained in natural and artificial foods and flavourings. The PDA was kept informed of this activity of FEMA. Subsequent to the release... 

An assessment of the potential presence of PHAs in process flavors, and the implications for the safety assessment of these flavors, was sponsored by the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association of the United States (FEMA). The assessment was conducted in three stages (1) identification and quantification of PHAs in process flavors (2) identification of the food categories which could potentially contain process flavors and calculation of their respective daily per capita intakes and (3) determination of the daily per capita intake of PHAs through consumption of foods identified as sources of naturally-occurring PHAs compared to foods containing process flavors. 

These conclusions were made on the presentation of scientific, manufacturing and use information provided by the manufacturers though their trade association, die Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA) of the United States (7). 

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