Fireworks laboratory

Explosions can be used for constructive purposes, such as mining and road building for entertainment, such as fireworks or for destructive purposes, such as military weapons and terrorist bombs. They may be either deliberate or accidental. Explosive materials must always be handled with extreme care to prevent accidents. Such caution must be exercised with not only industrial explosives, but also commonly encountered materials such as fireworks, laboratory and industrial chemicals, and flammable gases, see also Fire, Fuels, Power Plants Fireworks Kinetics Nuclear Fission Nuclear Fusion Thermodynamics. 

South of the powder plant, in 1916, a fireworks laboratory started to produce fuses for shells and torpedoes. The fireworks laboratory and the powder plant were separate and independent plants, because they came under different departments of the Ministry of War. 

In 1942, the Ministry of Armament decided to move the Kirchmbser plant to Kramatorsk, a town in the Ukraine, and to use the site for munitions again. When informed of this decision, the president of the Reichsbahn said that without the Kirchmdser works, the Reichsbahn would have a broken neck. This underlines the extraordinary importance that Kirchmoser had acquired during the 1920s and 1930s. The site was finally taken over by the Flick Corporation. The machines and equipment of the railway works never reached the Ukraine. Instead, in late April 1945, the Soviet Army occupied Kirchmoser, and established a tank production line on the former site of the fireworks laboratory. This production line occupied about one-third of the whole area, and was in use until 1993, when the Russian Army finally withdrew. 

Chemical testing is carried out in an approved laboratory because the firework must first be dismantled. Wet methods of analysis are applied that involve analytical grade reagents to detect, in particular, the presence of chlorates in admixture with elemental sulfur. Sulfur-chlorate mixtures are banned in the UK, and one use of sulfurless gunpowder is in fireworks where chlorates are also present. 

Potassium chlorate is an oxidizing agent in matches, fireworks and explosives. The head of safety matches is coated with potassium chlorate which is struck on a surface consisting of red phosphorus, antimony(lII) sulfide and an adhesive to light the fire. It also is used in laboratory preparation of oxygen. Its dilute aqueous solution is an antiseptic. 

Eye protection — safety glasses or goggles - is mandatory whenever any pyrotechnic composition is being prepared or tested. Necessary equipment includes a mortar and pestle, a laboratory balance, a soft bristle brush, several 2-3 inch lengths of fireworks-type safety fuse (available from many hobby stores), and a fireproof stone or composite slab on which to conduct burning tests. 

Synonyms and trade names picronitric acid, 2,4,6-trinitrophenol, trinitrophenol Use and exposure Picric acid is a white to yellowish crystalline substance and highly flammable. It is used in the manufacture of fireworks, matches, electric batteries, colored glass, explosives, and disinfectants. Pharmaceutical, textile, and leather industries also make use of picric acid. Bouin s picro-formol is used as a preservative solution for biological specimens in laboratories. Toxicity and health effects Picric acid causes different adverse effects on the skins of animals and humans, like allergies, dermatitis, irritation, and sensitization. Absorption of picric acid by the system causes headache, fever, nausea, diarrhea, and coma. In high concentrations, picric acid is known to... 

When Isidor Isaac Rabi was a graduate student at Columbia University in the mid-192 Os, his eye was on Europe, where intellectual fireworks were illuminating the minds of physicists, animating their discussions, and entertaining their ambitions. This was not the situation at Columbia University, where only a sputtering roman candle occasionally lit the corridors and laboratories of the physics building, Pupin Hall. In 1926, the contrast between European and American physics was like that of the grand finale of a major pyrotechnic display and a simple sparkler. 

Uses.—Chiefly for the manufacture of black powder and fireworks, but also for pickling or salting meat, to which it imparts a red colour. It is also used in medicine and in the laboratory. 

Strontium makes its presence known by the brilliant red color of a fireworks display. The red color also identifies strontium in laboratory flame tests. 

Nicolardot underlined the fact that the Laboratory s studies were becoming more important and therefore longer than they had been a few months earlier. At the end of the summer of 1917, four studies were completed (1) on steel patches (lopins), which emitted ammonia, and which occupied two chemists for an entire month (2) on fireworks, which had given off spontaneous fires (3) on means to prevent automobile radiators from freezing and (4) on oil for brakes. Each of these studies required several hundred operations, measurements and tests. And for all these, there were not enough chemists ... 

In fact, it had been known for several decades that when certain metal cations are heated in a Bunsen burner, they will emit light of a characteristic color. These are the common flame tests of a qualitative general chemistry laboratory and that form the basis for the different colors in fireworks. For instance, Li+ and... 

Chlorates have a number of uses based on their oxidizing abilities. NaC103 is converted to chlorine dioxide used for bleaching paper pulp and as a herbicide and defoliant, and KCIO3 is the primary oxidant in fireworks (Chapter 13) and matches (Chapter 16). The catalyzed thermal decomposition of KCIO3 was for many years used as a convenient laboratory source of oxygen gas. However, see the precautionary note concerning this reaction in Chapter 11 (p. 286). 

Chemical Engine Shed Reclamation Building Explosives Laboratory Fireworks Storage General Shop Toxic Storage Shed Toxic Storage Shed (second)... 

---