Field surface

FEM Field emission microscopy [62, 101, 102] Electrons are emitted from a tip in a high field Surface structure... 

Nie S and Emory S R 1997 Near-field surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy on single silver nanoparticles Anal. Chem. 69 2631-5... 

Zeisel D, Deckert V, Zenobi R and Vo-Dinh T 1998 Near-field surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of dye molecules adsorbed on silver island films Chem. Phys. Lett. 283 381... 

The use of formulated material (generally suspended in water) allows the researcher to work with the form of the test material that will be the most commonly encountered under field conditions. The formulated material would be found under most circumstances on field surfaces and in the air after treatment of the field with the test product. The greatest problem with the use of formulated product in water as a field fortification suspension is the maintenance of the homogeneity of the field fortification suspension. To maintain the homogeneity of the active ingredient in the field fortification suspension, one should shake the field fortification suspension vigorously for at least one minute and immediately withdraw the aliquot for the field spike from the fortification suspension just prior to fortification of the sample. 

Deckert V., Zeisel D., Zenobi R., Vo-Dinh T., Near-field surface enhanced Raman imaging of dye-labeled DNA with 100-nm resolution, Anal. Chem. 1998 70 2646-2650. 

Figure 7.2. A field surface with transect, a gridded section (grid in lower left) and different topographic features. If the whole field were to be sampled, the whole field would be gridded. FgB, SnA, and XeB are standard abbreviations for different types of soil. 

Binh, V. T., and Garcia, N. (1991). Atomic metallic ion emission, field surface melting, and scanning tunneling microscopy tips. J. Phys. I. 1, 605-612. 

Estimated electric field (surface) 2 x 1013 to 1015 V/m Estimated magnetic field (surface) 106 Tesla Electrostatic potential energy (for 1 mm size) 33 J... 

One simple explanation for these results was as follows The electric field at a metal vacuum interface can be >10 times larger than in free space when the conditions required for a surface plasma resonance are met (47). Since the Raman cross-section is proportional to the square of the field, surface plasmons could produce enhancements of >10. This enhancement is probably not large enough to explain the tunneling junction results by itself, but an enhancement in signal of a factor of 100 by the excitation of surface plasmons would increase the Raman intensity from near the limits of detectibility. 

This product may not be applied aerially or by ground within 66 ft of the points where field surface water runoff enters perennial or intermittent streams and rivers or within 200 ft around natural or impounded lakes and reservoirs. 

Saito, Y., Mizushima, R., Hata, K., (2002), Field ion microscopy of multiwall carbon nanotubes observation of pentagons and cap breakage under high electric field , Surface Science, 499, 119-123. 

Binh, V.T., and N. Garcia. 1992. On the electron and metallic ion emission from nanotips fabricated by field-surface-melting technique Experiments on W and Au tips. Ultramicroscopy 42-44 80-90. 

C is a function of the yield at harvest and is directly influenced by field operations that affect field surface cover throughout the year (i.e., tillage). To estimate the annual erosion and quantities of removable crop residues attributable to specific field operations and harvest yields, the C-factor must be determined in relation to these conditions. Equation 2 can be rewritten as... 

Templating by electric fields equipotential and tangential field surfaces... 

This correspondence between equipotential and tangential field surfaces leads to a simple construction for the likely diffusion trajectories of ions within fast-ion conductors, also called "solid electrolytes". These solids (typically binary salts) are electrically highly conducting (the electrical conductivity of... 

---