Fibrinogen, blood plasma

A method for the fractionation of plasma, allowing albumin, y-globulin, and fibrinogen to become available for clinical use, was developed during World War II (see also Fractionation, blood-plasma fractionation). A stainless steel blood cell separation bowl, developed in the early 1950s, was the earhest blood cell separator. A disposable polycarbonate version of the separation device, now known as the Haemonetics Latham bowl for its inventor, was first used to collect platelets from a blood donor in 1971. Another cell separation rotor was developed to faciUtate white cell collections. This donut-shaped rotor has evolved to the advanced separation chamber of the COBE Spectra apheresis machine. 

Primary blood components iaclude plasma, red blood cells (erythrocytes), white blood cells (leukocytes), platelets (thrombocytes), and stem cells. Plasma consists of water dissolved proteias, ie, fibrinogen, albumins, and globulins coagulation factors and nutrients. The principal plasma-derived blood products are siagle-donor plasma (SDP), produced by sedimentation from whole blood donations fresh frozen plasma (FFP), collected both by apheresis and from whole blood collections cryoprecipitate, produced by cryoprecipitation of FFP albumin, collected through apheresis and coagulation factors, produced by fractionation from FFP and by apheresis (see Fractionation, blood-plasma fractionation). 

For plasminogen-deficient fibrinogen from blood plasma, the anticoagulated blood was centrifuged and the plasma was frozen and washed with saline solution. Treated with charcoal and freeze-thawed. Dialysed versus Tris/NaCl buffer. [Maxwell and Nikel Biochem Prep 12 16 1968.]... 

Fibrinogen is a fibrous protein that was first classified with keratin, myosin, and epidermin based on its 5.1 A repeat in wide-angle X-ray diffraction patterns (Bailey et al., 1943), which was later discovered to be associated with the Q-helical coiled-coil structure. It is a glycoprotein normally present in human blood plasma at a concentration of about 2.5 g/L and is essential for hemostasis, wound healing, inflammation, angiogenesis, and other biological functions. It is a soluble macromolecule, but forms a clot or insoluble gel on conversion to fibrin by the action of the... 

Fibrinogen is a 340 kDa soluble glycoprotein found in the blood plasma of all vertebra animals. It functions in vivo as the precursor to an insoluble fibrin clot. Fibrinogen is a dimeric protein, with each protomer consisting... 

Thrombin and fibrinogen are usually obtained from blood plasma. Thrombin (EC... 

Fibrinogen adsorption from citrated blood plasma onto Silastic, poly-(HEMA)/Silastic and poly (NVP)/Silastic have been measured twice with two separate plasma preparations made from the blood of separate... 

Vroman L, Adams. A. L, Fischer. G.C and Munoz. P.C, Interaction of high molecular wdght kininogen, factor XII and fibrinogen in plasma at interfaces. Blood, 55,156-168(1980). 

The (3-globulins represent 13% of the blood plasma proteins and include transferrin (an iron transport protein) and low-density lipoprotein. Fibrinogen, a protein involved in coagulation of blood, comprises 7% of the plasma protein. Finally, the 7-globulins, IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, and IgE, make up the remaining 11% of the plasma proteins. The 7-globuUns are synthesized by B lymphocytes, but most of the remaining plasma proteins are synthesized in the liver. In fact, a frequent hallmark of liver disease is reduced amounts of one or more of the plasma proteins. 

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