Fiberglass laminate

Effect of coupling agents on the flexural strength of a structural epoxy-fiberglass laminate... 

Schw artz suggests the use of the pulse-echo technique for the inspection of glass fiber bonds and delaminations in fiberglass laminates up to 19 mm thick, the through-transmission technique to inspect sandwich constructions, and thick fiber glass laminates and the resonant frequency for detection of disbonds in glass-fiber metal bonds [87],... 

An air knife can be used to spread a carbon fiber tow and form a thin veil of carbon fiber or tissue, which can be used to hold a resin rich gel coat on the surface of a fiberglass laminate construction to give a high surface finish concurrent with added microcrack suppression, as well as provide additional chemical resistance. It will give better performance than a glass tissue due to the absence of wicking. 

FIGURE 2.20 Dynamic mechanical analysis (a) frequency multiplexing results for an epoxy-fiberglass laminate and (b) the master curve generated from fixed-frequency multiplexing data for epoxy-fiberglass laminate. 

TABLE 4.16 Unidirectional Fiberglass Laminate Data (Continued)... 

However, at higher velocities, and cases for which actual dummy head and the panel were us in the tests, the correlation was poor. This is due to the complications arised from modelling of the dummy head exterior (Butyl rubber) and also the plywood panel onto which a one-inch thick Nomax open all honeycomb with fiberglass laminate on both sides were fixed. From the experimental data, data fitting techniques were used to come-up with an alternative non-linear viscoelastic contact force model such that the contact force f is evaluated from the deformation (indentation) 6 and deformation rate 5 according to... 

Lytex corrosion resistance used with fiberglass laminates... 

Newer fabrics, not in common use but in development, test, and field trials, are described for higher temperature applications by Reference [50]. Application to 400°F—2100°F are potentially available using ceramic fibers Nextel 312 , laminated membrane of expanded PTFE on a substrate, polyimid fiber P-84, Ryton polyphenylene sulfide, and woven fiberglass. The heat and acid resistance of these new materials... 

Typically items with a thickness of less than about 1 mm can be treated as thermally thin. This constitutes single sheets of paper, fabrics, plastic films, etc. It does not apply to thin coatings or their laminates on noninsulating substances, as the conduction effects of the substrate could make the laminate act as a thick material. The paper covering on fiberglass insulation batting would be thin pages in a closed book would not. 

Flat laminated panels are manufactured using fluorinated sheet substrates. The manufacturing of these test panels simulates the production process used to manufacture the fiberglass-reinforced pipes. The BS6464 test prescribes a minimum adhesive shear and peel strength of 7 MPa and 7 N/mm, respectively. Representative values for both tests are given in Tables 16.9 and 16.10 below. 

By far the most common form of reinforcement is fiberglass. Products using unsaturated polyester resin as a matrix and fiberglass fiber reinforcements are commonly referred to as composites , laminates or FRPs (fiber-reinforced plastics). The latter reinforcements are sold as continuous roving, which is continuously chopped in place with a liquid resin stream, chopped roving mat, woven... 

Since the stiffness of a laminate varies as a cubic relationship with the thickness, there are alternate methods employed to achieve thickness - and hence stiffness - than by using multiple layers of fiberglass and resin. Lightweight core materials, such as end-grained balsa wood, high-density polyurethane foam, PVC foam, and honeycombed materials, are available. These materials are sandwiched in between layers of unsaturated polyester resin to achieve increased laminate stiffness. The common terminology used for this technique is sandwich construction . 

Polyester laminate strength data obtained by the Bjorksten group using their BJY treatment are shown in Fig. 1. Fiberglass treatments with DuPont s hydro-phobic chrome complex (Volan 114) and no treatment (112) are also shown for comparison. 

Figure 1. Wel-strength retention of fiberglass-polyester laminates with finishes of 1950 on the glass, from Bjorksten and Yaeger [3].

Figure 2. Polarity of non-reactive and reactive silanes related to their performance on fiberglass in polyester laminates after 2 h water-boil.

Heat-cleaned fiberglass cloth was treated with 0.5% carboxysilane J (Table 1) and compression-molded into a laminate with nylon 6,6 polymer. Laminates were compared to state-of-the-art silane H. Table 9 shows that silane H provided a significant improvement in flexural strength over the control, expecially after a 2 h water boil, but a carboxysilane/zinc ion ionomer system gave an even better strength improvement. 

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