2- ethyl methacrylate synthesis

Trialkylsilyl-protected oligo(ethylene glycol)methacrylates, 2- 2- (tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy]ethoxy ethyl methacrylate (1), and 2- 2-[2-[(ferf-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy] ethoxy] ethoxy ethyl methacrylate (2) (Scheme 7) were used for the synthesis of amphiphilic block copolymers by anionic poly-... 

The polymerization of 2-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate, DEAEMA, was studied under different conditions. It was shown that the best system providing narrow molecular weight distribution polymers involved the use of p-toluenesulfonyl chloride/CuCl/HMTETA as the initiator/catalyst/ligand at 60 °C in methanol [72]. Taking advantage of these results, well-defined PDEAEMA-fr-PfBuMA block copolymers were obtained. The synthesis was successful when either fBuMA or DEAEMA was polymerized first. Poor results with bimodal distributions were obtained when CuBr was used as the catalyst. This behavior was attributed to the poor blocking efficiency of PDEAEMA-Br and the incomplete functionalization of the macroinitiator. 

GTP was employed for the synthesis of block copolymers with the first block PDMAEMA and the second PDEAEMA, poly[2-(diisopropylamino)e-thyl methacrylate], PDIPAEMA or poly[2-(N-morpholino)ethyl methacrylate], PM EM A (Scheme 33) [87]. The reactions took place under an inert atmosphere in THF at room temperature with l-methoxy-l-trimethylsiloxy-2-methyl-1-propane, MTS, as the initiator and tetra-n-butyl ammonium bibenzoate, TBABB, as the catalyst. Little or no homopolymer contamination was evidenced by SEC analysis. Copolymers in high yields with controlled molecular weights and narrow molecular weight distributions were obtained in all cases. The micellar properties of these materials were studied in aqueous solutions. 

The triblock terpolymer polypropylene oxide)-h-poly[2-(dimethylami-no)ethyl methacrylate]-b-poly[oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate], PPO-fc-PDMAEMA-fc-POEGMA, was prepared using the PPO macroinitiator followed by the addition of CuCl, HMTETA, and DMAEMA for the polymerization of the second block and finally OEGMA for the synthesis of the final product (Scheme 54) [128]. 

Research Focus Synthesis of high refractive index monomers of mono- and dimethacry-lates containing thiophene and disulfide for crosslinking with 2-hydroxy-ethyl methacrylate. 

Accordingly, the synthesis of novel cinnamate polymers with high functionality and performance is very important from the viewpoint of both polymer chemistry and practical use. Recently, we have reported the synthesis of polymers with pendant photosensitive moieties such as cinnamic ester and suitable photosensitizer groups by radical copolymerizations of 2-(cinnamoyloxy) ethyl methacrylate with photosensitizer monomers (9), by copolymerizations of chloromethylated styrene with the photosensitizer monomers followed by the reactions of the copolymers with salts of... 

Ethyl methacrylate went into commercial production as early as 1933. The synthesis proceeded in the following steps ... 

At a considerably later date. Frankland prepared ethyl methacrylate and methacrylic acid from ethyl a-hydroxyisobutyrate and phosphorus trichloride. Tollen prepared aciylate esters from 2,3-dibromopropionate esters and zinc. Otto Rohm, in 1901. described the structures of the liquid condensation products (including dimers and timers) obtained from the action of sodium alkoxides on methyl and ethyl acrylate. Shortly after World War 1, Rohm introduced a new acrylate synthesis, noting that an acrylate is formed in good yield from heating ethylene cyanohydrin and sulfuric acid and alcohol. A major incentive for the development of a clear, tough plastic acrylate was for use in the manufacture of safety glass. 

Controlled free-radical polymerization methods, like atom-transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), can yield polymer chains that have a very narrow molecular-weight distribution and allow the synthesis of block copolymers. In a collaboration between Matyjaszewski and DeSimone (Xia et al., 1999), ATRP was performed in C02 for the first time. PFOMA-/)-PMMA, PFOMA-fr-PDMAEMA [DMAEMA = 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate], and PMMA-/)-PFOA-/)-PM M A copolymers were synthesized in C02 using Cu(0), CuCl, a functionalized bipyridine ligand, and an alkyl halide initiator. The ATRP method was also conducted as a dispersion polymerization of MMA in C02 with PFOA as the stabilizer, generating a kine-... 

Srinivasulu P, Raghunath Rao P, Sundaram EV (1991) Synthesis and characterization of ethyl methacrylate-acrylamide copolymers. J Appl Polym Sd 43(8) 1521-1525... 

Armes et al. [49] have reported the use of pH-responsive microgels based solely on 2-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DEA) as colloidal templates for the in situ synthesis of Pt nanoparticles (PtNPs). The swollen microgels can be used as nanoreactors efficient impregnation with PtNPs can be achieved by incorporating precursor platinum compounds, followed by metal reduction. Addition of platinic acid, H2PtCl6, to the latex particles causes the protonation of the tertiary amine... 

Zeng F, Shen Y, Zhu S, Pelton R. (2000) Synthesis and Characterization of Comb-Branched Polyelectrolytes. 1. Preparation of Cationic Macromonomer of 2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl Methacrylate by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization. Macromolecules 33 1628-1635. 

The monomers, styrene, and methyl methacrylate (Aldrich) and ethyl methacrylate and n-butyl acrylate (Fluka) were purified prior to use. The crosslinking agent used in the synthesis of these semi-1-IPNs was tetraethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (Fluka). The emulsion polymerisation (90 C) was initiated with ammonium persulphate/sodium metabisulphite (both from BDH) and the resulting latex, which was prepared by a seed and feed procedure, was stabilised with sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate (OT75 from Cyanamid). 

Scheme 50 Synthesis of macromonomers from isocyanoethyl methacrylate. MMA methyl methacrylate, Magly methacrylate glycidyl ether, DMAEMA 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate...

Scheme 1 Three-step synthesis ofpoly[2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate-l-poly(s-caprolactone)] conetworks (PDMAEMA-l-PCL)...

Figure 13 Chelating ligands for the synthesis of Zr02 hybrid gels, (a) = Aceto acetoxy ethyl methacrylate (AAEM) (b) = methacyl amido salicylic acid (MASA).

B.S. Kaith, R. Jindal, J.K. Bhatia, "Synthesis and characterization of SPC-g-poly (ethyl-methacrylate) and evaluation of thermal stability" Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Polymer Processing and Characterization, Kottayam, Kerala, 2010. 

Nunes JS, De Vasconcelos CL, Cabral FO, et til. (2(X)6) Synthesis tmd characterization of poly(ethyl methacrylate-co-methacrylic acid) magnetic particles via miniemulsion polymerization. Polymer 47 7646-7652... 

Liu et al. reported the preparation of two types of shell-cross-linked (SCL) micelles with inverted structures via click chemistry starting from a well-defined schizophrenic water-soluble triblock copolymer in purely aqueous solution. They present an efficient synthesis of two types of SCL micelles with either pH- or temperature-sensitive cores from a novel poly(2-(2-methoxyethoxy) ethyl methacrylate)-ft-poly(2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate)-Z -poly(2-(diethylamino) ethyl methacrylate) [PME02MA-ft-P(DMA-co-QDMA)- -PDEA] triblock copolymer. First, PMEO2MA- -PDMA- -PDEA was prepared and the DMA blocks were partially converted to a quaternized DMA (QDMA) block with click-cross-linkable moieties to form novel schizophrenic water-soluble triblock copolymers. The pH- or temperature-induced micellization and subsequent shell cross-linking of the P(DMA-co-QDMA) inner shell with the tetra-(ethylene glycol) diazide via click chemistry resulted in nanogel networks (Figure 54.14). 

Huang, J. Cusick, B. Pietrasik, J. Wang, L. Kowalewski, T. Lin, Q. Matyjaszewski, K. Synthesis and in situ atomic force microscopy characterization of temperature-responsive hydrogels based on poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) prepared by atom transfer radical polymerization. Langmuir 2007, 23 (1), 241-249. 

Muller and coworkers prepared disc-like polymer Janus particles from assembled films of the triblock copolymer SBM and, after hydrolysis of the ester groups into methacrylic acid units, used these as Pickering stabilizer in the soap-free emulsion polymerization of styrene and butyl acrylate [111]. Armes and coworkers described the synthesis of PMMA/siUca nanocomposite particles in aqueous alcoholic media using silica nanoparticles as stabilizer [112], extending this method to operate in water with a glycerol-modified silica sol [113, 114]. Sacanna showed that methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane [115] in the presence of nanosized silica led to spontaneous emulsification in water, which upon a two-step polymerization procedure afforded armored particles with an outer shell of PMMA [116]. Bon and coworkers demonstrated the preparation of armored hybrid polymer latex particles via emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate and ethyl methacrylate stabilized by unmodified silica nanoparticles (Ludox TM O) [117]. Performance of an additional conventional seeded emulsion polymerization step provided a straightforward route to more complex multilayered nanocomposite polymer colloids (see Fig. 14). 

Using an original approach, Zhang and coworkers recently reported the synthesis of PMMA latex particles stabilized by MMT platelets tethered with poly[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] (PDMAEMA) brushes (Fig. 33) [290]. The PDMAEMA polyelectrolyte brush was synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization using a cationic initiator previously introduced in the clay galleries. The PDMAEMA-functionaUzed clay platelets were further used to stabilize the emulsion polymerization of MMA initiated by the remaining free radical initiator present on the clay surface. 

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