Etch glass

ALkylamines are corrosive to copper, copper-containing alloys (brass), aluminum, 2inc, 2inc alloy, and galvani2ed surfaces. Aqueous solutions of aLkylamines slowly etch glass as a consequence of the basic properties of the amines in water. Carbon or stainless steel vessels and piping have been used satisfactorily for handling aLkylamines and, as noted above, some aLkylamines can act as corrosion inhibitors in boiler appHcations. 

Hydrogen fluoride Catalyst in some petroleum refining, etching glass, silicate extraction by-product in electrolytic production of aluminum Petroleum, primary metals, aluminum Strong irritant and corrosive action on all body tissue damage to citrus plants, effect on teeth and bones of cattle from eating plants... 

Dale and co-workers examined this reaction in considerable detail some years later and utilized a mixture of HF and BFj in dioxane as catalyst. They noted that this catalyst mixture was stable for months at room temperature and did not etch glass. It was useful for initiating the cyclooligomerization reaction which led to a product mixture. The composition of the mixture was apparently independent of the ethylene oxide concentration and the reaction was apparently not kinetically controlled. 

H. Schwanhard (Niimberg) found that CaFz 4- strong acid gave acid vapours (HF) that etched glass (used... 

In a typical procedure for etching glass, the glass surface is covered by a mask (a protective coating). The mask is then removed from the areas that are to be etched and a paste made... 

C16-0122. Hydrogen fluoride is a highly reactive gas. It has many industrial uses, but the most familiar property of HF is its ability to react with glass. As a result, HF is used to etch glass and frost the inner surfaces of light bulbs. Hydrogen fluoride gas must be stored in stainless steel containers, and aqueous solutions must be stored in plastic bottles. Hydrogen fluoride can be produced from H2 and F2 ... 

Sneed, W. D. Looper, S. W. (1985). Shear bond strength of a composite resin to an etched glass-ionomer. Dental Materials, 1, 127-8. 

Foam generated in porous media consists of a gas (or a liquid) dispersed in a second interconnected wetting liquid phase, usually an aqueous surfactant solution (1). Figure 1 shows a micrograph of foam flowing in a two-dimensional etched-glass porous medium micromodel (replicated from a Kuparuk sandstone, Prudhoe Bay, Alaska (2)). Observe that the dispersion microstructure is not that of bulk foam. Rather discontinuous... 

Figure 1. Micrograph of foam in a 1.1 pm, two dimensional etched-glass micromodel of a Kuparuk sandstone. Bright areas reflect the solid matrix while grey areas correspond to wetting aqueous surfactant solution next to the pore walls. Pore throats are about 30 to 70 /xm in size. Gas bubbles separated by lamellae (dark lines) are seen as the nonwetting "foam" phase.

Huh, Cochrane and Kovarik (25) recently studied the behavior of aqueous surfactant CO foams in etched-glass porous-medium... 

When you etch glass with a diamond, the C-C single bonds are resisting all the... 

Hydrogen fluoride, HF, is a gas which, when dissolved in water, forms hydrofluoric acid. This acid is used to etch glass, and would quickly dissolve a glass bottle. It must therefore be kept in plastic bottles. Hydrofluoric acid is also very dangerous to handle, causing severe burns if it touches skin. 

Hydrofluoric acid is used to etch glass by reacting with the silicates in glass to produce a very volatile and thermodynamically stable compound, silicon tetrafluoride, SiF4. For example,... 

Used industrially as a cleaning agent, disinfecting agent, insecticide, to etch glass, and as a welding flux. 

Used industrially for etching glass, as an antiseptic and disinfectant, as a leather bleach, in the production of tin plate, for rust removal, as a welding flux, as a neutralizer in laundry rinsing operations, and as a cleaner for stone and brick building faces. Used to preserve zoological and anatomical specimens. 

Rubidium hydroxide (RbOH) is very hygj-oscopic (absorbs large amounts of water for its weight). It is also an excellent absorber of carbon dioxide. Rubidium hydroxide can be used to etch glass and as an electrolyte in low-temperature electric storage batteries for use in vehicles in the subarctic. 

Orthorhombic or tetragonal crystals etches glass deliquescent density 1.50 g/cm3 refractive index 1.390 melts at 125.6°C very soluble in water slightly soluble in alcohol. 

Colorless oily hquid fumes in air etches glass density 2.666 g/ml at 0°C hods at 60.4°C vapor pressure 100 torr at 13.2°C sohdilies at -8.5°C decomposes in water soluble in alcohol, ether, benzene and ammonia solution. 

Anhydrous hydrogen fluoride was first prepared by Fremy in 1856. It may have been made earher in 1670 by Schwankhard in the process of etching glass using fluorspar and acid. 

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