Erythritol ester

GC-44-14. [Stepan/PVO] Diprata-erythritol ester lubricant, functional fluids for aviation, automotive, and military formulated lubricants and gas turbine engine oils. 

Ring and open-chain derivatives of L-erythritol 1,4-dicinnamate have been irradiated yielding products of photochemical asymmetric synthesis, in which intramolecular 2-1-2 cycloaddition occurs to give L-erythritol esters of cyclobutane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid the 2,3-di-O-methyl derivative of l-erythritol gave a high degree of asymmetric induction, whereas the 2,3-0-isopropylidene derivative was much less stereospecific, and gave the opposite cyclobutane enantiomer. ... 

Gradient elution was applied in TLC in 1962 by Wieland and Eleterman (27) and by Rybicka (28,29). Wieland and Determan (27) used gradient elution to separate LDH-isozymes and nucleotides on DEAE-Sephadex. Rybicka (28,29) used gradient elution to separate glycerides and penta-erythritol esters. Later, Niederwieser and Honegger (6,7,30,31) worked intensively to improve this technique. 

NMR, 4, 575 Erythritol, 1,4-anhydro-structure, 4, 546 Erythromycin antibacterial veterinary use, 1, 206 as pharmaceutical, 1, 153 synthesis, 1, 480 Erythropterin biosynthesis, 3, 321 occurence, 3, 323 structure, 3, 276 synthesis, 3, 289 Erythropterin, 3,5-dimethyl-methyl ester synthesis, 3, 303 Erythrosine application, 3, 879 Esculetin... 

The unknown phosphate ester had the same electrophoretic mobility as 2-deoxy ribitol 5-phosphate and it seemed reasonable to expect that in the conditions used (0.1 M pyridinium acetate buffer of pH 5) 2-deoxy ribitol-4- and -5-phosphates would behave similarly therefore it was considered probable that the unknown phosphate ester is 2-deoxy ribitol 4-phosphate, resulting from the reduction of the periodate resistant 2-deoxy ribose 4-phosphate. However, the possibility that both 2-deoxy ribitol 4-phosphate and 2-deoxy erythritol 3-phosphate (formed from... 

Severin and coworkers reported (146) the reaction of tris(2-aminoethyl)amine and 4-formylphenylboronic acid with penta-erythritol to give, via multicomponent assembly, the boronic acid based macrobicyclic cage 35 (Fig. 25). The cage has the form of an ellipsoid with a diameter of 20.5 A and binds two Cud) ions in a fashion similar to the smaller tren-based cryptands. The reversible formation of boronic esters has also been employed to build other hollow structures such as nanotubes (147) and porous covalent organic frameworks (148,149). 

The alcoholysis of the cyclic phosphate of catechol by alditols can lead, after acid hydrolysis of intermediate, cyclic phosphates, to the selective formation of phosphoric esters of the primary hydroxyl groups in the alditols. Thus, erythritol and D-mannitol afford, after chromatographic purification of the reaction products, their 1-phosphates in yields of 31 and 38%, respectively.217 The method was used to convert riboflavine into riboflavine 5 -phosphate.218 1-Deoxy-1-fluoro-L-glycerol has been converted into the 3-(dibenzyl phosphate) in 54% yield by selective reaction with dibenzyl phosphorochloridate. 219... 

In addition to these physical studies at the Bureau, Tipson was able to return to his synthetic interests, both alone and in collaboration with other staff members. He was especially pleased to prepare D-talose in crystalline form, an accomplishment that had eluded Emil Fischer. Pursuing his longstanding interest in the reaction of sulfonic esters with iodide and following an earlier observation that the tetratosyl ester of erythritol is converted into butadiene by the action of sodium iodide and zinc, he demonstrated (with A. Cohen) that nonterminal unsaturation may be conveniently introduced into alditol derivatives by reaction of contiguous secondary sulfonates with sodium iodide and zinc dust in boiling A.A-dimethylformamide. This Tipson-Cohen reaction subsequently proved of great utility in other hands for the conversion of more complex carbohydrate structures into vicinal dideoxy derivatives. 

The use of nitroglycerine tablets has been known for several decades to dilate the blood vessels promptly thereby decreasing the blood pressure and thus giving instant relief from angina. However, the present trend is to use other esters of nitric acid such as erythritol tetranitrate, mannitol hexanitrate, PETN and other similar derivatives instead of NG for this purpose. These nitric acid esters being crystalline, are not assimilated readily and therefore, act more slowly but produce a longer lasting effect. 

Quality standards for some flavor constituents will eventually be developed—linalool for muscats, for example, and perhaps phenethanol for certain types of wine. Kahn and Conner (124) have published a rapid GLC method for phenethanol. It has been suggested (60) that detection of bacterial activity from the presence and amount of minor bacterial byproducts (arabitol, erythritol, and mannitol) may be useful. Based on GLC determination of carbonyls, esters, and higher alcohols, beers were accurately classified into three categories (125). Anthocyanin content has been determined quantitatively by using molar absorbance values for five anthocyanin pigments (126). 

Abstract Erythritol tetranitrate (ETN) is a melt-castable explosive with impressive performance, similar to the well-known related nitrate ester, pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN). Though ETN has been known since 1849, its properties have not been thoroughly investigated. We report here the first y2" copper cylinder tests of ETN, compared with... 

Erythritol tetranitrate is a melt-castable, high-performance nitrate ester explosive that has recently become important due to its use in homemade explosives. We have investigated the detonation behavior of ETN using cylinder tests and small diameter unconfined rate sticks. Similar performance properties were observed between ETN and the closely related nitrate ester, PETN detonation velocities for the two... 

As shown by T. Urbanski [143] between 1933 and 1937, there is a group of molecular addition compounds whose existence cannot be explained by all the points mentioned above. They are addition compounds of certain nitro compounds with esters of nitric acid. Thus many aromatic mononitro compounds form addition compounds with mannitol hexanitrate, and some aromatic trinitro compounds do so with erythritol tetranitrate (Vol. II). On the basis of these facts the author suggests that two main reasons are responsible for the formation of these addition compounds ... 

The first report of an enantioselective photocycloaddition of prochiral conjugated esters involved the introduction of (+ )-2,3-di-0-methyl-erythritol as chiral auxiliary in a diastereoselective and intramolecular photocycloaddition of the bis cinnamate 78 (Scheme 18). Among the isolated isomers, the chiral 8-truxinate (+ )-79 could be obtained as the major product with a de up to 86% [59] (Scheme 18). 

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