Epstein-Barr virus cloning

An immunogen induces antibodies from many B cell clones, producing a polyclonal antibody response. In contrast, the propagation of an isolated B cell clone produces an antibody of single specificity. However, the problem is that in tissue culture medium, B cells die within a few days of their isolation from, for example, a mouse spleen. To circumvent this problem, immortality can be conferred on B cells by means of viral transformation Epstein-Barr virus can be used. Alternatively, fusion to cancerous cells is carried out to generate hybrids or hybridomas. Generally, the former procedure is used to immortalize peripheral blood B cells and produce human monoclonal antibodies, while myeloma cells are used to produce murine monoclonal antibodies. 

Imai, T., Yoshida, T., Baba, M., Nishimura, M., Kakizaki, M., and Yoshie, O. (1996) Molecular cloning of a novel T cell-directed CC chemokine expressed in thymus by signal sequence trap using Epstein-Barr virus vector. J. Biol. Chem. 271,21,514-21,521. 

Vieira, P., de Waal-Malefyt, R., Dang, M. N., Johnson, K. E., Kastelein, R., Fiorentino, D. F., de Vries, J. E., Roncarolo, M. G., Mosmann, T. R., and Moore, K. W. (1991). Isolation and expression of human cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor cDNA clones Homology to Epstein-Barr virus open reading frame BCRFl. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88, 1172-1176. 

Normal B cells are incapable of extended growth outside the animal. The production of monoclonal antibodies, however, involves establishment of a B cell clone producing the antibody in long-term culture. This is accomplished by immortalizing the B cell using a transforming virus such as the Epstein-Barr virus... 

The Epstein-Barr virus replicon, oriP. It was included to ensure stable epi-somal propagation of the large insert clones upon transfection into mammalian cells. 

A sulfate prepared by chlorosulfonation of GE-3-, a partially acetylated P—(I 6) glucan of the lichen Umbilicaria esculenta, inhibited the cytopathic effect of human inununodeficiency virus (HIV) and suppressed the HlV-antigen expression in Molt-4 (clone 8) cells (371). Emodin, 7-chloroemodin, 7-chloro-l-O-methylemodin and 5,7-dichloroemodin have exhibited antiviral activity 738, 72). Stiibler et al. 675,676) investigated the antiviral activity of the glucan lichenan. Seventeen depsides and depsidones have been examined for their inhibitory activity against HIV integrase 559). Yamamoto et al. 743) tested the extracts of numerous lichens on their inhibition of Epstein-Barr virus activation. 

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