Environmental Restoration Disposal

The Office of Environmental Restoration and Waste Management (EM) manages the DOE environmental programs. Remedial action at sites throughout the DOE complex involves treatment, disposal, and in some cases transfer to the Waste Management Program of various types of waste. These types of waste are categorized as ... 

Environmental restoration activities may be conducted under a RCRA, Part B permit when RCRA hazardous wastes are involved. The RCRA hazardous wastes are identified in 40 CFR 261 and Include characteristic" hazardous wastes as defined in subpart C and "listed" hazardous wastes as defined in subpart D. The Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendment (HSWA) to RCRA includes prohibitions on land disposal of hazardous waste. Under this statute, the EPA has issued regulations (40 CFR 286) that ban the land disposal of untreated hazardous waste and has established treatment standards based on the BDAT. The way that these standards can be Involved in a CERCLA remedial action was discussed above. In addition, technical standards for environmental restoration activities conducted under a RCRA, Part B permit are given in 40 CFR 264, Including closure requirements and groundwater concentration limits (see 40 CFR 264.94). 

Environmental Restoration at a Munitions Production Site The problem is similar to that of contaminated media. It is unknown whether there may also be previously acceptable or unintentional disposal of unexploded ordnance at manufacturing sites as described in this book. 

Military installations are similar to small cities in terms of population, industrial activities, and some types of contaminated sites. However, some cover an area larger than a small state. DOD has operated industrial facilities on its installations for several decades that have generated, stored, recycled, or disposed of hazardous wastes. Many of these activities have contaminated the nearby soil and groundwater. To study and clean up contaminated sites, DOD established the Installation Restoration Program (IRP) in 1975. In 1984, the IRP was made part of the Defense Environmental Restoration Program. 

The primary remediation activity should be control of atmospheric releases or spills or run-off within the defined containment area, and to make certain that hazardous materials do not enter the sewer system, porous soil, or surface or ground water. This section of the plan should address not only the initial containment activity, but also post-incident clean-up, waste disposal, and environmental restoration. Safe clean-up methods should be outlined in the plan. 

Waste management The proper collection, handling, treatment, transportation, and disposal of unusable liquids, solids, or gases. Proper waste management minimizes the negative impacts of wastes on the environment. While waste management seeks to prevent negative environmental impacts, the purpose of remediation is to restore sites that have already been contaminated into an environmental acceptable condition. 

Spills Happen A Training Program for Small Spill Response Fast and effective spill reporting, identifying chemicals, containing source, personal protective equipment, people and environmental protection, preventing fire and explosions after spills, use of absorbents, hazardous waste disposal, and restoring normal operations. 

Agencies involved in these training effort are (1) FEMA, providing grants to states, training emergency response, and coordinating delivery of federal counterterrorism (2) the EPA, whose missions in terrorist attacks are to coordinate personnel and equipment to respond to hazardous substances, to monitor and to assess the health and environmental impacts to plan for control, restoration, and disposal of hazardous materials, and to train federal, state, and local response personnel and other... 

Ensure the safe and legal removal and disposal of any waste generated, and where environmental measures have failed, provide for the restoration and clean up of the environment. ... 

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