Environmental monitoring sensor

Campbell, M. Sensor systems for environmental monitoring Sensor technologies Kluwer Dordrecht, 1996... 

M.C. Carotta, M. Feironi, D. Gnani, V. Guidi, M. Merli, G. Martinelli, M.C. Casale, M. Notaro, Nanostructured pure and Nb-doped Ti02 as thick film gas sensors for environmental monitoring , Sensors and Actuators B Chemical, 58, 310-317, (1999). 

Fine, G. R, Cavanagh, L. M., Afonja, A. and Binions, R. (2010) Metal Oxide Semi-Condnctor Gas Sensors in Environmental Monitoring. Sensors 10,5468-502. 

Jaffrezic-Renault N, Dzyadevych S (2008) Conductometric microbiosensors for environmental monitoring. Sensors 8 2569-2588... 

Online detection of radionuclides is also integrated in sensors developed for environmental monitoring. Sensors are constituted by a preconcentrating minicolumn packed with scintillating microspheres, which integrates radiochemical separation and radiometric detection steps within a... 

Eine GE, Cavanagh LM, Afonja A, Binions R (2010) Metal oxide semiconductor gas sensors in environmental monitoring. Sensors 10 5469-5502... 

Hayat, A., Marty, J., 2014. Disposable screen printed electrochemical sensors tools for environmental monitoring. Sensors 14 (6), 10432-10453. 

Nittel S (2009) A survey of geosensor networks advances in dynamic environmental monitoring. Sensors 9 5664-5678... 

Jimenez-Jorquera C, Orozco J, Baldi A (2010) ISFET based microsensors for environmental monitoring. Sensors 10 61-83... 

Campbell, M. (ed.J (1996) Sensor System for Environmental Monitoring, Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Hague. Carson, P.A., and Dent, N.J. (ed.) (1990) Good Laboratory and Clinical Practices, Hememann Newnes, Oxford. Carson, P.A., and Mumford, C.J. (1988) The Safe Handling of Chemicals in Industry (Vols 1 and 2), Longman Scientific and Technical, Harlow. 

Passive Sampling Techniques in Environmental Monitoring Electrochemical (Bio) Sensor Analysis... 

Klainer S.M., Thomas J.R., Francis J.C., Fibre-optical, sensors offer a realistic solution to environmental monitoring needs, Sensors Actuators B 1993 11 81-86. 

Applications of infrared sensors have been reported in the fields of biology/biochemistry, medical diagnostics, environmental monitoring and process control. IR sensors can measure analytes in solid, liquid or gaseous form using one of several different transducer layouts. 

With regard to the development of infrared sensors during the last decade, some major fields of application can be identified, covering biological, biochemical or medical applications, environmental monitoring and process monitoring, with the latter being considered as the area closest to a widespread application of IR optical sensor systems. 

Recent developments in microsystems technology have led to the widespread application of microfabrication techniques for the production of sensor platforms. These techniques have had a major impact on the development of so-called Lab-on-a-Chip devices. The major application areas for theses devices are biomedical diagnostics, industrial process monitoring, environmental monitoring, drug discovery, and defence. In the context of biomedical diagnostic applications, for example, such devices are intended to provide quantitative chemical or biochemical information on samples such as blood, sweat and saliva while using minimal sample volume. 

PCA [12, 16] is a multivariate statistics method frequently applied for the analysis of data tables obtained from environmental monitoring studies. It starts from the hypothesis that in the group of original data, there is a set of reduced factors or dominant components (sources of variation) which influence the observed data variance in an important way, and that these factors or components cannot be directly measured (they are hidden factors), since no specific sensors exist for them or, in other words, they cannot be experimentally observed. 

The answer lies in microsystem design and fabrication, applied to a relatively simple arrangement of gas sensors (the higher the integration the better). Combined with microelectronics, it is perfectly suited for the mass production of EN modules. Microsystems are usually produced in batches and will meet demand at low cost. Additionally, small size, low energy consumption and long-term stability can be achieved. Of course, not only consumer applications will benefit from the microsystem approach, since the improvements are also relevant to instruments used in industrial applications, medical care or in environmental monitoring. 

Chemical vapor sensors play an ever-increasing role in the environmental monitoring, homeland security, defense, and health care. The desirable characteristics of a chemical vapor sensor include ultrahigh sensitivity, specific and rapid response to certain vapor molecules, as well as the ability for on-the-spot chemical analysis, which usually requires the sensor to be small, portable, reusable, stable, robust, and cost effective. Toward this end, various sensing techniques have been studied... 

Andreescu S, Sadik OA (2004) Trends and challenges in biochemical sensors for clinical and environmental monitoring. Pure Appl Chem 76 861-878... 

The model analytes, which were used to show the sensor performance of the microsystems include carbon monoxide, CO, and methane, CH4. The sensor microsystems were designed for practical applications, such as environmental monitoring, industrial safety applications or household surveillance, which implies that oxygen and water vapors are present under normal operating conditions. In the following, a brief overview of the relevant gas sensor mechanisms focused on nano crystalline tin-oxide thick-film layers will be given. 

GaisfordWC, Richardson NJ, Haggert BGD, Rawson DM (1991) Microbial sensors for environmental monitoring. Biochem Soc Trans 19 15... 

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