Sensor biochemical

Karl Cammann, Institut fiir Chemo- und Biosensorik, Munster, Germany (Chap. 28, 28.4. 28.5, Sections 

Bernd Grundio, SensLab GmbH - Bioelektrochemische Sensoren, Leipzig. Germany (Sections 28.3.1 -28.3.2..3, 28.3.5) 

---

Stamm Ch and Lukosz W 1994 Integrated optical difference Interferometer as biochemical sensor Sensors Aotuators B 18-19 183-7... 

Chemical and Biochemical Sensors. The sensitivity of the electrical properties of conductive polymers to chemical stimuli suggests they may prove useful in a number of sensing applications. 

Clerc D., Lukosz W., Integrated optical output grating coupler as biochemical sensor, Sensors and Actuators B 1994 19 581-586. 

Brecht A., Gauglitz G., Kraus G. and Nahm W., Chemical and biochemical sensors based on interferometry at thin (multi-)layers, Sensors Actuators B 1993 11 21 -27. 

Chao C-Y. and Guo L.J., Biochemical sensors based on polymer microrings with sharp asymmetrical resonance, Appl. Phys. Letters 2003 83 1527-1529. 

C.H. Mastrangelo, DNA analysis systems on a chip, in Solid-State Chemical and Biochemical Sensors (P. Vincenzini and L. Dori, eds), pp. 465-476. Techna, Faenza (1999). 

Most of the relevant substances within household appliances cannot be measured directly with any kind of sensor. Several applications have been described that can indirectly determine one or several parameters. Sensors which rely on changes of weight, turbidity or conductivity have already implemented, while direct determination of substances with chemical or biochemical sensors is still problematic because of insufficient stability and reproducibility. 

The chemical analytical systems or biochemical sensors (up to lab-on-the-chip) required have to be investigated. 

There is a longstanding demand for a simple and portable instrument for the detection and measurement of oxygen dissolved in water. Suitable electrodes have been developed and more recently have been ingeniously used as the basis for a range of biochemical sensors. 

The type of enzyme sensor described above is highly selective and can be sensitive in operation. There are obvious applications for the determination of small amounts of oxidizable organic compounds. However, it is perhaps too early to give a realistic assessment of the overall importance of enzyme sensors to analytical chemistry. This is especially so because of parallel developments in other biochemical sensors which may be based upon a quite different physical principle. 

Label-Free Biochemical Sensors Based on Optical Microresonators... 

In most biochemical sensors, detection limit is a very important parameter to evaluate sensing capability of a device, which denotes the smallest detectable amount or concentration of analytes. For microring sensors, detection limit is proportional to the variation of waveguide parameters affected by occurrence of analytes the index change of the surrounding medium, 8nc, in homogeneous... 

Biosensing Experiments by High-Q Microring Biochemical Sensors... 

---