Corneal swelling

In recent years considerable attention has focused on the mechanisms of oxidative damage to the cornea. In a study to determine the interaction of ascorbate, hydrogen peroxide and oxygen in the eye, Riley et al. (1986) found that ascorbate promoted corneal swelling when isolated corneas were perfused with glucose-deficient medium. This was due to the rapid oxidation of... 

The GSH reductase inhibitor l,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-l-nitrosourea (BCNU) also promotes corneal swelling in the isolated cornea. The addition of GSH prevents the action of BCNU as the cornea needs a constant supply of NADPH for maintaining adequate concentrations of reduced glutathione for the detoxification of hydrogen peroxide. It has been shown that hydrogen peroxide and BCNU primarily affect the permeability of the endothelial cells rather than the active processes transporting sodium and chloride ions across the membrane (Riley, 1985). 

Ophthalmic corneal swelling, dry eye, eye pain, eyelid swelling, headache, red eye, reduced visual acuity, altered taste... 

The reversal of the osmolarity-caused corneal swelling after eye bums is not possible by increasing osmolalities in the rinsing fluids as tried with saline solutions with different osmolarities (Fig. 6.4). The result of this experiment is that, even with the highest osmolarities, the reversal of the stromal edema is not... 

When used in the eye, oxybuprocaine can enter the anterior chamber, and fibrinous iritis and moderate corneal swelling have been described (SED-12, 257) (2). Abuse has often been reported and can lead to keratopathy, severe visual impairment, and even enucleation (3). 

Dog (NS) Once Hemato Ocular 300 NS (decreased thromboplastin generation time) 300 NS (corneal swelling) Smith and Castaneda 1970 11 DMH... 

Drugs originally developed as orphan drugs include AZT (to treat AIDS), Taxol (to treat ovarian cancer). Exosurf Neonatal (to treat respiratory distress syndrome in infants), and Opticrom (to treat corneal swelling). 

Fig. 46. Influence of the pH-value of a solution on corneal swelling In the pH-value range from 6.8 to 8.1 only a small swelling of the cornea takes place (logarithmic presentation modified according to Gonnering et al., 1979)...

Hedbys BO. The role of polysaccharide in corneal swelling. Exp Eye Res 1963 2 122-129 Hein SR Keates RH, Weber PA. Elimination of sodium hyaluronate-induced decrease in outflow facility with hyaluronidase. Ophthalmic Surg 1986 17 731-734 Henry JC, Olander K. Comparison of the effect of four viscoelastic agents on early postoperative intraocular pressure. J Cataract Refract Surg 1996 22 960-966 Herrington RG, Ball SF, Updegraff SA. Delayed sustained increase in intraocular pressure secondary to the use of polyacrylamide gel (Orcolon ) in the anterior chamber. Ophthalmic Surg 1993 24 658-662... 

Pedersen 0. Comparison of the protective effects of methylcellulose and sodium hyaluronate on corneal swelling following phacoemulsification of senile cataracts. J Cataract Refract Surg 1990 16 594-596... 

A change in refraction at high altitude, and thus transient myopia, can occur through osmoticaUy altered vitreous volume or altered curvature of the lens secondary to edema or cihary muscle spasm. The authors pointed out that altitude-related hypoxia (causing corneal swelling) and dehydration (associated with both exercise and inadequate fluid intake) could have contributed in this case. Drugs that can cause transient myopia include aspirin [4 ], chlortalidone [5 ], co-trimoxazole [6, 7 ], dapsone [8 ], hydrochlorothiazide metronidazole [10, ... 

We have observed the following pattern (Fig. 6.2) of decrease of the tissue osmolarity after eye bums within the corneal stroma. This confirms the clinical finding of severe edema of the stroma and was sustained by work of Kompa et al. [8], who have found the alteration of the corneal swelling and corneal osmolarity by the eye bum itself and changes due to different fluids used for rinsing of the cornea thereafter. 

Class III >200 Corneal swelling, edema and epithelial lesions, with destruction of limbal blood vessels at higher doses. MGK may develop. At very high doses, penetrating corneal ulcers occm. Months to never... 

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