Electron resonance studies

Bowles, A. J., Hudson, A., Jackson, R. A. An electron resonance study of some reactions involving silyl radicals. J. Chem. Soc. (B) 1971, 1947—49. 

Finally, we must mention the excellent work of Carrington (100), who with his coworkers developed the Stark modulation cavity for electron resonance study in the gas phase. 

Ingram, D.J.E. Electron resonance studies of the free radicals produced in tobacco pyrolysis and in other related compounds Acta Med. Scand. Supp. 369 (1961) 43-62. 

Kawasaki, Y, Quan, D., Sakamoto, K., and Maibach, H.I. (1997). Electron resonance studies on the influence of anionic surfactants on human skin. Dermatology, 194 238-242. 

Kawasaki Y, Quan D, Sakamoto K, Maibach HI (1997) Electron resonance studies on the influence of anionic surfactants on human skin. Dermatology 194 238-242 Kerscher M, Korting HC, Schafer-Korting M (1991) Skin ceramides structure and function. Eur J Dermatol 1 39-43 Lehmann P, Holze E, Melnik B, Plewig G (1991) Effects of ultraviolet A and B on the skin barrier a functional, electron microscopic and lipid biochemical study. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed 8 129-134 Leyden J, Lavker R, Grove G, Kaidbey K (1995) Alpha hydroxy acids are more than moisturizers. J Geriatr Dermatol [Suppl A3] 33-37... 

In Part F, we considered the results for the electron spin susceptibility Xg of metal-ammonia solutions which were obtained from electron resonance studies. In the present section, we shall hst other results of electron resonance measurements which also give valuable information as to the structure and d5mamics of these solutions. Among these results are (a) the spectroscopic g factor, (b) the relaxation times and describing respectively the time taken by the electron spins to attain a common spin temperature and the time taken for the spin temperature to become equal to the temperature of the solution, and (c) the failure or success to detect resonances in different solutions. The last named results give information about the extent of spin pairing among the electrons in the solutions. 

Fessenden R W and Schuler R H 1963 Electron spin resonance studies of transient alkyl radicals J. Chem. Phys. 39 2147-95... 

Smaller B, Remko J R and Avery E C 1968 Electron paramagnetic resonance studies of transient free radicals produced by pulse radiolysis J. Chem. Rhys. 48 5174-81... 

Wang P, Maruyama Y and Metzger R M 1996 Superconductivity of Cgg Langmuir-Blodgett films doped with potassium low-field signal and electron spin resonance study Langmuir M 3932-7... 

R. E. Florin and L. A. Wad, "Electron Spin Resonance Studies on Fluorination of Polymers," abstract no. 8, Fluorine Chemistry Div., 165th American ChemicalSodef Meeting, Dadas, Tex., Apr. 10,1973. 

The dithionite ion has a remarkable eclipsed stmcture of approximate C2v symmetry (Fig. 15.32b). The extraordinarily long S-S distance (239 pm) and the almost parallel SO2 planes (dihedral angle 30°) are other unusual features. Electron-spin-resonance studies have shown the presence of the S02 radical ion in solution ( 300ppm), suggesting the establishment of a monomer-dimer equilibrium 8204 ... 

Most methods of testing bond type involve the motion of nuclei. The chemical method, such as substitution at positions adjacent to a hydroxyl group in testing for double-bond character, as used in the Mills-Nixon studies, is one of these. This method gives only the resultant bond type over the period required for the reaction to take place. Since this period is much longer than that of ordinary electronic resonance, the chemical method cannot be used in general to test for the constituent structures of a resonating molecule. Only in case that the resonance frequency is very small (less than the frequencies of nuclear vibration) can the usual methods be applied to test for the constituent structures and in this case the boundary between resonance and tautomerism is approached or passed. 

The most extensive application which was made of the resonance curve was to the carbon-chlorine bond in phosgene and the chloroethylenes. In the electron-diffraction study of these substances2 the carbon-carbon and carbon-oxygen doublebond values 1.38 and 1.28 A. were assumed the question accordingly arises as to what effect the new double bond values would have on the carbon-... 

In addition, Bamford, Jenkins and coworkers (19) previously reported on the behavior of occluded radicals in the heterogeneous polymerizations of acrylonitrile, methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate and vinylidene chloride. From their electron spin resonance studies, they concluded that the degree of occlusion was ... 

McMillan has reviewed the chemistry of Ag(II) and Ag(IlI). Paramagnetism and electron spin resonance studies confirm the presence of Ag(ll) (as opposed to equimolar Ag(I)+Ag(III)). The colours of Ag(II) solutions in various mineral acids indicate the existence of complexes, the oxidising power of which is apparent from their decomposition even at 0 °C, although high acidity promotes stability. Rapid isotope exchange between Ag(I) and Ag(n) is considered to result from the equilibrium... 

Riedel A, S Fetzner, M Rampp, F Lingens, U Liebl, J-L Zrmmermann, W Nitschke (1995) EPR, electron spin echo envelope modulation, and electron nuclear double resonance studies of the 2Ee-2S centers of the 2-halobenzoate 1,2-dioxygenase from Burkholderia (Pseudomonas) cepacia 2CBS. J Biol Chem 270 30869-30873. 

Gladyshev VN, SV Khangulov, TC Stadtman (1994) Nicotinic acid hydroxylase from Clostridium barkeri electron paramagnetic resonance studies show that selenium is coordinated with molybdenum in the catalytically active selenium-dependent enzyme. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91 232-236. 

Ina similarmarmerto surface-enhanced Raman scattering, surface-enhancement of hyper-Raman scattering is a promising method to study adsorbed molecules on metal surfaces [24]. Based on recent developments in plasmonics, design and fabrication of metal substrates with high enhancement activities is now becoming possible [21]. Combination of the surface enhancement with the electronic resonances would also be helpful for the practical use of hyper-Raman spectroscopy. Development of enhanced hyper-Raman spectroscopy is awaited for the study of solid/liquid interfaces. 

Fessenden, R.W. and Verma, N.C. (1978). A time-resolved electron spin resonance study of the oxidation of ascorbic acid by the hydroxyl radical. Biophys. J. 24, 93. 

Scarpa, M., Rigo, A., Maiorino, M., Ursini, F. and Gregolis, C. (1984). Formation of a-tocopherol radical and recycling of alpha tocopherol by ascorbate during peroxidation of phosphatidylcholine liposomes. An electron paramagnetic resonance study. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 801, 215-219. 

Jackson, M.J., Edwards, RH.T. and Symons, M.C.R (1985). Electron spin resonance studies of intact mammalian skeletal muscle. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 847, 185-190. 

Mukai, K. Tsuzuki, N. Ouchi, S. Fukuzawa, K. Electron spin resonance studies of chromanoxyl radicals derived from tocopherols. Chem. Phys. Lipids 1982, 30, 337-345. 

Knight, L. B., Kaup, J. G., Petzold, B., Ayyad, R., Ghanty, T. K., Davidson, E. R., 1999, Electron Spin Resonance Studies of 45Sc170, 89Y170, and 139La170 in Rare Gas Matrices Comparison With Ab Initio Electronic Structure and Nuclear Hyperfine Calculations , J. Chem. Phys., 110, 5658. 

In a series of studies of the spectroscopy and photochemistry of nickel(O) -a-diimine complexes, the structural differences among the complexes NiL2 and Ni(CO)2L (L Q-diimine) have been examined by means of molecular orbital calculations and electronic absorption Raman resonance studies.2471, 472 Summing up earlier work, the noninnocence of a-diimine ligands with a flat — N=C—C=N— skeleton in low-valent Ni chemistry and the course of substitution reactions of Ni° complexes with 1,4-diaza-1,3-dienes or a,a -bipyridine have been reviewed.2473... 

The reduction of cyanocobalamin gives three possible oxidation states for the cobalt atom (Fig. 2). Electron spin resonance studies with Bi2-r reveals that this molecule is the only paramagnetic species giving a spectrum expected for a tetragonal low spin Co(II) complex. Controlled potential reduction of cyanocobalamin to Bi2-r proves that this reduction involves one electron, and further reduction of Bi2-r to B12-S requires a second single electron (16—19). At one time B12-S was considered to be a hydride of Co(III), but controlled potential coulometry experiments provided evidence against a stable hydride species (16). However, these experimental data do not exclude the possibility of a stable Co(III) hydride as the functional species in enzyme catalyzed oxidation reduction reactions. 

Arem, J. E. (1987), Color Encyclopedia of Gemstones, Van Nostrand-Reinhold, New York. Armiento, G., D. Attanassio, and R. Platania (1997), Electron spin resonance study of... 

Jeevarajan, A. S., M. Khaled et al. (1994a). Simultaneous electrochemical and electron paramagnetic resonance studies of keto and hydroxyl carotenoids. Chem Phys. Lett. 225 340-345. 

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