Other Related Compounds

From 2,6-diacetylpyridine dioxime, ferric chloride hydrate, and phenylboronic acid as starting materials the macrocyclic dinuclear iron(ll) complexes 133 can be prepared (Fig. 36). 

A a very interesting macrocyclic ring system of the composition Pt(LBp2)2 with L = ethylenediphosphine oxide, Ph(0)HP(CH2)2PH(0)Ph, was also reported a few years ago [204]. 

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A number of other, related compounds along with detailed experimental procedures are reported by Atkins, Richman and Oettle. Rings of other sizes and different leaving groups distinguish the latter work from that previously cited. In this case, as in the pre-... 

Remarkably, ketone halogenation also occurs in biological systems, particularly in marine alga, where dibromoacetaldehyde, bromoacetone, 1,1,1-tri-bromoacetone, and other related compounds have been found. 

The cake is leached with water in order to dissolve tantalum and niobium (and other related compounds) in the form of fluoride salts of ammonium. Ammonium fluoroferrate and fluoromanganate are unstable in aqueous solutions of low acidity. It is assumed that iron and manganese will form precipitates of insoluble fluorides or oxyfluorides that can be separated from the solution by filtration. 

This section concerns TgPhg and its derivatives formed by reactions on the phenyl rings. For other related compounds prepared from hydrolysis of the corresponding silanes (e.g., Tgftolyllg) see the miscellaneous Section V.I. 

A full development of the rate law for the bimolecular reaction of MDI to yield carbodiimide and CO indicates that the reaction should truly be 2nd-order in MDI. This would be observed experimentally under conditions in which MDI is at limiting concentrations. This is not the case for these experimements MDI is present in considerable excess (usually 5.5-6 g of MDI (4.7-5.1 ml) are used in an 8.8 ml vessel). So at least at the early stages of reaction, the carbon dioxide evolution would be expected to display pseudo-zero order kinetics. As the amount of MDI is depleted, then 2nd-order kinetics should be observed. In fact, the asymptotic portion of the 225 C Isotherm can be fitted to a 2nd-order rate law. This kinetic analysis is consistent with a more detailed mechanism for the decomposition, in which 2 molecules of MDI form a cyclic intermediate through a thermally allowed [2+2] cycloaddition, which is formed at steady state concentrations and may then decompose to carbodiimide and carbon dioxide. Isocyanates and other related compounds have been reported to participate in [2 + 2] and [4 + 2] cycloaddition reactions (8.91. 

An interesting application of the photodynamic properties of porphyrins is their possible use in the treatment of certain types of cancer, a procedure called cancer phototherapy. Tumors often take up more porphyrins than do normal tissues. Thus, hematopor-phyrin or other related compounds are administered to a patient with an appropriate mmor. The mmor is then exposed to an argon laser, which excites the porphyrins, producing cytotoxic effects. 

Martin et al. (1974) collected specimens from 22 locations throughout the range of H. courbaril and identified a number of sesquiterpenes including caryophyllene [173], humulene [174], selinene isomers [175 is P-selinene], and other related compounds (see Eig. 2.48 for compounds 173-175). Caryophyllene and two selinene... 

Lisle, E.B., The effect of carcinogenic and other related compounds on the autoxidation of carotene and other autoxidizable systems. Cancer Res., 11, 153, 1951. 

Interaction with aluminium carbide is incandescent, and with caesium acetylide at 350°C is explosive. Other related compounds may be expected to be oxidised violently if unmoderated. 

Parallel array synthesis was used to access the 3-aryl-tetrahydro-l,2-diazepines 90 (and other related compounds) by cyclisation of the chloro ketones 88 on reaction with hydrazine to give 89 followed by sulfonamide formation the Si-TrisAmine was added at the end as a scavenger to remove any unreacted arylsulfonyl chloride remaining <06MCL3777>. 

The fluorescence of BaPT OS) and of other related compounds (40) seems to be nearly completely quenched upon physical intercalation into DNA. 

Other related compounds are the diphosphine disulfides R2P(S)P(S)R2 14, which contain a direct phosphorus-phosphorus bond, and polysulfur fe(dior-ganophosphine sulfides) R2P(S)-S -P(S)R2 in which the two phosphorus centres are connected by a chain of one of more sulfur atoms. R2P(S)P(S)R2 compounds are accessible from heating secondary phosphine sulfides with thiophosphinic chlorides (Equation 10) or by reaction of fephosphines with... 

Dithiophosphoric and dithiophosphinic acids can also react with organic compounds containing multiple carbon-nitrogen bonds, often under very mild conditions, to give thioamides and other related compounds (e.g., Equation 82).163... 

The UV spectrum of 30 (Fig. 16) exhibits a large bathochromic shift (Amax = 270 nm) compared to other related compounds such as 2-pen-tamethyldsilanyl-N-methylpyrrole (Amax = 248 nm). A similar bathochromic shift is observed in charge-transfer complexes of pyrrolo-... 

Ring closure of triazinyl diester 276 was reported by Moderhack etal. <2002M1165>. This compound was treated with hydrazonoyl chloride in the presence of triethylamine in refluxing benzene. Formation of the intermediate 277 was anticipated, which, upon intramolecular cyclization, afforded the fused triazole 278 in medium yield (42%). Syntheses of other related compounds via modified synthetic routes have also been described. 

AZT works by specifically blocking DNA synthesis carried out by HIV reverse transcriptase. Other related compounds are also being tested to see if they specifically affect HIV reverse transcriptase. Such compounds might have equivalent antiviral effects. If they have fewer side effects than AZT, they may be even more effective in treating HIV-infected individuals. Two additional antivirals related to AZT have recently been approved for anti-HIV therapy, dideoxy-inosine (DDI) and dideoxycytosine (DDC). These drugs are predominantly recommended for individuals who cannot tolerate AZT, or for whom AZT has ceased to be effective although they are effective against HIV, they do have side effects. Nevertheless, they may be important because AZT does not indefinitely reduce the amount of virus in HIV-infected individuals. 

Yet hands-on experience with 1 and other related compounds showed that free malonic acid groups on fullerenes are rather unstable even under physiological conditions and readily decarboxylate into side products, some of which may show toxicity under certain circumstances (Beuerle et al., 2007). To avoid these potential side effects new polar derivatives of 1 like 3, 4 and 5 have been synthesized (Beuerle et al., 2005 Witte et al., 2007). In these trisadducts the polar endgroups are attached via alkyl spacers to the fullerene core and thus no unwanted decarboxylation... 

Chlorotrifluoromethyl aniline (no. 73.) was found in the sediment samples. This compound is used as a reactant with chloro-aniline (no. 72) in the preparation of 4,4 -dichloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-carbanilide, a disinfectant. Two other related compounds also found in some of the sediments were chlorophenyl isocyanate (no. 74) and chloro(-trifluoromethyl)phenyl isocyanate (no. 75). This suggests that some of the 4,4 -dichloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-carbanilide may, in fact, exist in the sediment extracts but is decomposed in the injection port of the gas chromatograph, since it is very doubtful that the easily hydrolyzable isocyanates exist as such in the sediments. To strengthen this hypothesis some 3,4,4 -trichlorocarbanilide [none of the 4,4 -dichloro-3-(trifluorome-thyl)-carbanilide was available] was analyzed by GCMS. The injection port temperature was 300°C. As expected, none of the parent compound eluted from the column. However, mass spectra were obtained for chlorophenyl isocyanate, dichlorophenyl isocyanate, chloroaniline, and dichloroaniline. The presence of the carbanilides themselves (no. 76, 77, 78) was confirmed with the help of HPLC and mass spectral identification. 

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