ELECTRICAL AND SEMICONDUCTOR PROPERTIES

Optoelectronics is a discipline which combines optics and electronics. It deals with optical wavelengths from 0.20 im (ultraviolet) to 3 im (near infrared) as shown in Fig. 15.1. The properties of optoelectronic materials are a useful combination of electrical and semiconductor properties (electron action), with optical properties such as transmission, reflection, and absorption (phonon action). 

The electrical and semiconductor properties of diamond are summarized inTable11.6.Pi]... 

Some semiconductors with compositions close to ABq Gq are known to become ordered. This results in changes in the gap, and electrical and optical properties, compared to random alloys of the same composition. 

Du Pont produces this polymer under the trade names of Kapton, Pyrafin, Vespel, and Pyre-ML. The trade names refer to polyimides used for film, semiconductor coatings, mol ding applications, and wire enamel, respectively. They have exceUent thermal, electrical, and physical properties. 

Bina Selenides. Most biaary selenides are formed by beating selenium ia the presence of the element, reduction of selenites or selenates with carbon or hydrogen, and double decomposition of heavy-metal salts ia aqueous solution or suspension with a soluble selenide salt, eg, Na2Se or (NH 2S [66455-76-3]. Atmospheric oxygen oxidizes the selenides more rapidly than the corresponding sulfides and more slowly than the teUurides. Selenides of the alkah, alkaline-earth metals, and lanthanum elements are water soluble and readily hydrolyzed. Heavy-metal selenides are iasoluble ia water. Polyselenides form when selenium reacts with alkah metals dissolved ia hquid ammonia. Metal (M) hydrogen selenides of the M HSe type are known. Some heavy-metal selenides show important and useful electric, photoelectric, photo-optical, and semiconductor properties. Ferroselenium and nickel selenide are made by sintering a mixture of selenium and metal powder. 

The role of electronic theory of chemisorption in developing ideas on effects of adsorption on electrical and physical properties of semiconductor adsorbents. 

Metal oxides. Noble metals are covered with a surface oxide film in a broad range of potentials. This is still more accentuated for common metals, and other materials of interest for electrode preparation, such as semiconductors and carbon. Since the electrochemical charge transfer reactions mostly occur at the surface oxide rather than at the pure surface, the study of electrical and electrochemical properties of oxides deserves special attention. 

G. F. Neumark and K. Kosai, Deep Levels in Wide Band-Gap III-V Semiconductors David C. Look, The Electrical and Photoelectronic Properties of Semi-Insulating GaAs... 

A3B5 -type semiconductors, especially GaAs75 have always been of great interest. These materials have unique electrical and optical properties, but there are some difficulties with technology. In particular, insulating layer fabrication on the surface of such semiconductors and, therefore, creation of metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) structures based on them is still a problem, but LB technology might represent a solution.68,75... 

Attempts have recently been made to produce organic semiconductor components for industrial use without taking account of the characteristic parameters of semiconductivity of organic compounds. Nowadays, we know the need for a systematic study of these parameters because they can show us both the limits of application and the conditions which must be fulfilled for maximum use of the electrical and photoelectrical properties of dyes and other organic compounds. 

The application of semiconductor luminescence to chemical sensing can rely on the chemical, electrical, and optical properties of II-VI and III-V semiconductors [1]. These properties provide the binding capability, transducing mechanism, and signal required for chemical sensing. The diverse chemical compositions of semiconductor materials provide a range of surfaces for molecular binding. 

Magnesium Slannide. MgsSn. blue-white crystals. Mp 775 C. soluble in water and dilute hydrochloric acid, has electrical and magnetic properties. Use Semiconductor technology, magnciochcmistry. thermoelectric research. 

As early as 1943, Sommer (101) reported the existence of a stoichiometric compound CsAu, exhibiting nonmetallic properties. Later reports (53, 102, 103,123) confirmed its existence and described the crystal structure, as well as the electrical and optical properties of this compound. The lattice constant of its CsCl-type structure is reported (103) to be 4.263 0.001 A. Band structure calculations are consistent with observed experimental results that the material is a semiconductor with a band gap of 2.6 eV (102). The phase diagram of the Cs-Au system shows the existence of a discrete CsAu phase (32) of melting point 590°C and a very narrow range of homogeneity (42). 

Makarova, T.L. (2001) Electrical and optical properties of pristine and polymerized fullerenes. Semiconductors 35, 257-293. 

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