Effluent summary

The information gathered in the first two steps is often collected in an effluent summary worksheet. An effluent summary lists the regulated pollutants produced by the process and summarizes the quantities produced and where they originate. The effluent summary can be used to focus waste minimization efforts and as a design basis for the design of effluent treatment processes. The information in the effluent... 

A summary of available technologies is given in Tables 4 and 5. Attainable effluent quaUties are shown in Table 6. 

Analysis of Clean Water Act Effluent Guidelines Pollutants. Summary of the Chemicals Regulated by Industrial Point Source Category U.S. EPA, Washiagton, D.C., 40 CFR Parts 400-475, 1991. 

In summary, H2O2 has no major drawbacks. Chlorine is a good system but has a number of less favourable attributes chlorate improves on some of these but a major problem is the need to handle solid. The Brocat system is capital intensive and therefore less flexible at lower volumes of effluent. It also cannot deal with salt solution directly. 

U.S. EPA Aluminum Forming Industry Effluent Guidelines and Categorical Regulations Summary (April 6, 2001)... 

Summary of World Bank Liquid Effluents Guidelines. 889... 

Table 5 Summary of FM final effluent concentrations from wastewater treatment... 

EPA. 1988d. Analysis of clean water act effluent guidelines pollutants. Summary of the chemicals regulated by industrial point source category 40 CFR Parts 400-475. Draft. Prepared by Industrial Technology Division (WH 552) Office of Water Regulations and Standards. Office of Water. 

Table 9 Summary of Selected Toxicology Studies to Assess the Ecological Impacts of Bleach Mill Effluents...

Tables I to III provide a summary of some representative data for total arsenic concentrations in sediments, marine algae, and marine animals. There can be considerable variation in the arsenic levels in these samples, in contrast to the levels in seawater, which are reasonably uniform in the world s oceans at about 0.5-2 /ug/liter (9,10). For sediments, there is perhaps a tendency for arsenic concentrations to be lower in samples from coastal regions and estuaries compared with deep-sea sediments. Industrial discharges of arsenic-enriched effluents can, however, result in arsenic contamination of near-shore sediments...

In summary, the (advanced) treatment processes are not compatible with sustainable development as they are end-of-the-pipe technologies and not affordable in all countries. The presence of synthetic chemicals such as APIs and pharmaceutical excipients in water demonstrates that conventional effluent treatment is not effective. 

Humic substances were concentrated more than 50-fold on the XAD-4 quaternary resin, but a saturated HCl/methanol solution was required for the desorption. This eluant was not concentrated further because the concentration of humic substances could be measured directly with a spectrophotometer. Total recovery of humic substances was higher in the bench-scale experiments than in the pilot plant studies. On the basis of the pilot plant results (see summary of experiment 3), it appears that the adsorption of humic substances was affected by the higher velocity or the loading capacity because 458 was recovered in the effluent water. The higher velocity in the pilot plant studies did not have a similar effect on other compounds such as quinaldic acid, for example, which was recovered at almost 100. It is believed that caffeine, which was concentrated during bench-scale studies, was also affected by the higher velocity in the pilot plant studies. 

Table II. Summary of Mutagenicity Results from Chlorination of GAC Effluents...

Summary. Bahrain Awali oil field is one of the oldest in the Arabian Gulf region. The recent sharp increase in produced water cut at Awali has resulted in higher oil carry over in the produced water, which is currently disposed of in an aquifer about 700 ft (210 m] deep. The steps taken by Bahrain Natl Oil Co. (Banoco) and the problems encountered in improving the quality of effluent are described in this paper... 

The mobile phase can be collected as a function of time at the end of the chromatographic system. The mobile phase, now called the effluent, contains the solute molecules. If the chromatographic process has been effective, fractions or cuts that are collected at different times will contain the different components of the original sample. In summary, molecules are separated because they differ in the extent to which they are distributed between the mobile phase and the stationary phase. 

Table 1. Summary of the PEEP index hazard assessment scheme for effluents.

Borgmann, A., Michajluk, S. and Humphrey, S. (1999) Environmental effects monitoring at 22 pulp and paper mills in Ontario Cycle 2 interim report - Summary of summer 1997 and winter 1998 EEM effluent toxicity results, Environmental Protection Branch - Ontario Region, Environment Canada, Downsview, Ontario, 7 pp. Available at http //www.on.ec.gc.ca/eem/intro-e.html... 

Table 1. Summary of Toxicity Reduction Evaluation (TRE) procedures for effluents.

NCASI. 1993. Summary of data reflective of pulp and paper industry progress in reducing the TCDD/TCDF content of effluents, pulps and wastewater treatment sludges. National Council of the Paper Industry for Air and Stream Improvement, Inc. Special report no. 93-08. 

Table III. Summary of Acidic Compounds in Effluents From Coal-Fired Power Plants...

Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-d1oxin (TCDD). At the detection limit of ten parts per trillion, no TCDD was found in the effluents from the combustion of coal in three different boilers at the Ames power plant (see summary table in reference 16 for description of boilers). This observation was confirmed at a second smaller coal-fired power plant located at Iowa State University. Even when the coal fuel was supplemented with RDF, which should contain the precursor compounds, no dioxins were observed in the vapor and particle samples taken from the effluents. Thus no de novo synthesis occurred during the combustion of coal alone and if dioxins were formed from precursor compounds in the co-combustion of coal and RDF, they were destroyed in the efficient combustion as explained above for the thermal destruction of the PCBs present in the RDF. 

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