Early-harvested

Guiraud, J.P., Bourgi, J., Chabbert, N., and Galzy, P., Fermentation of early-harvest Jerusalem artichoke extracts by Kluyveromyces fragilis, J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol., 32, 371-381, 1986. 

BiOEOCY. Rhizome rot waterlogged soils and temperatures above 25°C are conducive to infection, with early-harvested strawberries being especially at risk. 

Covering with fleece (early-harvested strawberries) offers some protection against leaves blown in from woodland. 

The summer of 1983 provided a rehearsal for the potential doubled CO2 effect. Temperature was above normal and precipitation below normal on scales not unlike those predicted by models of the doubled CO2 effect, or of conditions typical of mid-twenty-first century if other absorbers are included. In 1983 corn yields were halved (by reference to the previous crop year). About half this reduction was probably due to the hostile climate. Winter wheat was adversely affected in some areas, but escaped the worst effects of the summer drought, because of early harvesting dates. Spring wheat was badly affected in many areas. Thus a natural rehearsal of future events appeared to confirm the pessimistic estimates of the Abrahamson forum. 

It has been found that a 5-10% increase in virgin oil yield can be realized by the addition of plant cell-wall degrading enzymes to the malaxer (217). The enzymes are usually added to early harvested (less ripe) olives. Olives harvested later, when they are more ripe, already contain internal enzymes that have the same effect as the added enzymes. Extraction produces three products oil, an aqueous fraction that creates disposal problems, and a solids residue. The solid residue (pumace) obtained from pressing or centrifugation, contains 4-10% oil. The oil can be solvent extracted and refined. Solvent-extracted pumace oil is of low quality and is usually blended with a better quality virgin oil (215, 218). 

Control Plant potatoes early harvest early use heavy mulch to prevent cracked, dry soil, which exposes potato tubers to attack at harvest, destroy cull potatoes and infested vines before nightfall adult moths lay eggs on culls left out overnight. 

Aseptic systems are used to transfer the inoculum to the vessel, to allow the removal of routine samples during fermentation, for early harvesting of aliquots when the vessel becomes full as a consequence of the media additions and to transfer the final contents to the extraction plant when fermentation is complete. Asepsis is assured by engineering design and by steam, which must reach all parts of the vessels and associated pipework. Any pockets of air or rough surfaces that steam does not penetrate could act as reservoirs for foreign growth. 

Also, the early harvest is not recommended because the pectins in the fruit peduncles did not allow divide the individual mericarps. The growths are harvested direcdy by the harvest machines, which have to be adjusted to reduce the damage of the achenes. Caraway fruits could not be steamy. 

RESURRECCION A V A, HEATON E K (1987). Sensoiy and objective measures of quality of early harvested and traditionally harvested pecans. J Food Sci 52 1038-1058. 

The study by Heaton et al. [16] suggested that the optimum harvest date of the pecan is not necessarily associated with levels of natural kernel moisture. The authors generalized that sap moisture fluctuates with sequences of wet and dry weather and cannot be relied upon as a guide to harvest. Heaton et al. [16] concluded that an early harvest leads to improved color and flavor... 

Stability, which is related to reduced exposure of the nuts to severe weathering conditions of cycling drying and rewetting. Early studies by Woodroof and Heaton [12] showed that maximum flavor was reached about 4 weeks after maturity and then declined to rancidity development. Such work led to industry adoption of early harvest followed by drying to 4%-5% moisture and refrigeration [16]. 

Herrera, E.A., Early harvest and oven drying temperatures influence pecan kernel flavor, HortScience,... 

Herrera, E.A., Cardenas, M., and Melendez, G., Effects of early harvesting on pecan moisture content, weight loss, and kernel percent, Phyton. bit. J. Exp. Bot., 55, 89—96, 1994. 

Silva, J.L., Matta, F.B., and Herrera, E.A., Quality indices and sensory scores support early harvest of... 

Nishibe, S. Satoh, M. Mori, M. Isoda, A. Nakaseko, K (1989). Effect of climatic conditions on intercepted radiation and some growth parameters in potato. Japanese Journal of Crop Science, Vol. 52, No. 2, pp. 171-179, ISSN 0011-1848 Pro a-Bialczyk, U. Mydlarski, M (1998). Growth potato on early harvest under cover with polypropylene sheets. Fragmenia Agrcmomica, No. 1 (57), pp. 74-84, PL ISSN 0860-4088... 

Wadas, W. Sawicki, M. Kosterna, E. (2006). Production costs of the potatoes for early harvest under perforated foil and polypropylene fibre covers. Zeszyty Problemowe Postfpaw Nauk Rolniczych, Vol. 511, pp. 417-427, ISSN 0084-5477... 

High protection from the attack of insects/pests porous enough to allow water/ pesticides if required increase the weight and diameter of head early harvest by 2—3 weeks 17—19gsm recommended for cold climate. 

Forage catch cropping is the practice of taking a quick growing crop between two main crops. The term is usually applied to crops of quick growing white turnips, or rape, or mixtures of the two, sown for autumn or early winter grazing after an early harvested cereal (usually winter barley) or any crop taken early for wholecrop silage. 

The seed is either drilled at 4.5kg/ha or broadcast at lOkg/ha from the end of April until mid-August, usually following, in this last case, an early harvested grain crop. Direct drilling is a suitable method of estabhshment. Rape is often sown as a mixture with quick growing turnips for feeding to sheep. 

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