Dyspepsia

Common side effects of theophylline therapy include headache, dyspepsia, and nausea. More serious side effects such as lethal seizures or cardiac arrythmias can occur if blood levels are too high. Many derivatives of theophylline have been prepared in an effort to discover an analogue without these limitations (60,61). However, the most universal solution has resulted from the development of reHable sustained release formulations. This technology limits the peaks and valleys in semm blood levels that occur with frequent dosing of immediate release formulations. ControUed release addresses the problems inherent in a dmg which is rapidly metabolized but which is toxic at levels ( >20 7g/mL) that are only slightly higher than the therapeutically efficacious ones (10—20 p.g/mL). Furthermore, such once-a-day formulations taken just before bedtime have proven especially beneficial in the control of nocturnal asthma (27,50,62). 

In sLipporLive Ireatmenl of non-innammalory disor-clcrii of the biie duel and in disorders of bile production gaslrointestinal troubles, such as bloating, flal-uicnce, and dyspepsia. 

Antacids are neutralizing agents. Examples are magnesium hydroxide, magnesium trisylicate and aluminium hydroxide. Prior to the introduction of histamine-H2 receptor antagonists and proton pump inhibitors, they were the standard drugs for the treatment of duodenal/ peptic ulcers. Today their clinical use is limited to the treatment of dyspepsia and the symptomatic relieve for patients with peptic ulcers. 

Gastrointestinal disorders (e.g. dyspepsia), gastrointestinal erosion with bleeding, ulceration and perforation... 

The indications for these agents are in principle identical to those of the non-selective NSAIDs although the substances have not yet received approval for the whole spectrum of indications of the conventional NSAIDs. Because they lack COX-1-inhibiting properties, COX-2-selective inhibitors show fewer side effects than conventional NSAIDs. However, they are not free of side effects because COX-2 has physiological functions that are blocked by the COX-2 inhibitors. The most frequently observed side effects are infections of the upper respiratory tract, diarrhoea, dyspepsia, abdominal discomfort and headache. Peripheral oedema is as frequent as with conventional NSAIDs. The frequency of gastrointestinal complications is approximately half that observed with conventional NSAIDs. 

In cases which recover from the pulmonary edema, there is usually no permanent disability, but pneumonia may develop later. Concns of 100—150ppm are dangerous for short exposures of 30 to 60 minutes. Concns of 200—700ppm may be fatal after even very short exposures Continued exposure to low concns of the fumes, insufficient to cause pulmonary edema, is said to result in chronic irritation of the respiratory tract, with cough, headache, loss of appetite, dyspepsia, corrosion of the teeth and gradual loss of strength... 

Headache, dizziness, tiredness, insomnia, nausea, dyspepsia, constipation, rash, bleeding... 

Dizziness, tiredness, nausea, dyspepsia, rash constipation, bleeding, diarrhea... 

Gl pain, headache, dizziness, somnolence, insomnia, rash Dizziness, tiredness, nausea, dyspepsia, rash, constipation, bleeding, diarrhea Dizziness, visual disturbances, headache, nausea, vomiting, gastric or duodenal ulcer formation, Gl bleeding... 

Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, gastric or duod ulcer formation, Gl bleeding Headache, nausea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, anemia... 

The most common adverse reactions seen with celecoxib include dyspepsia, abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, and headache Like other NSAIDs, celecoxib may compromise renal function. Elevation of aminotransferase levels also occurs. 

This drug is available to individuals as an over-the-counter drug and may be purchased without a prescription. The drug is used in children with juvenile arthritis and for fever reduction in children 6 months to 12 years. Common adverse reactions seen with ibuprofen include headache, dizziness, somnolence, nausea, dyspepsia, gastrointestinal pain, and rash. 

Adverse reactions with the bisphosphonates include nausea, diarrhea, increased or recurrent bone pain, headache, dyspepsia, acid regurgitation, dysphagia, and abdominal pain. 

ISPHOSPHONATES The nurse monitors the patient taking the bisphosphonates for any adverse reactions such as nausea, diarrhea, increased or recurrent bone pain, headache dyspepsia, acid regurgitation, dysphagia, and abdominal pain. Analgesic maybe administered for headache Notify the primary health care provider of adverse reactions such as the return of bone pain or severe diarrhea... 

Adverse reactions of zafirlukast (Accolate) include headache, dizziness, myalgia, pain, nausea, diarrhea, abdominal pain, vomiting, and fever. Montelukast (Singulair) administration may cause headache, dizziness, dyspepsia, flu-like symptoms, cough, abdominal pain, and fatigue Adverse reactions seen with the... 

Headache, dizziness, dyspepsia, gastroenteritis, influenza symptoms, cough, abdominal pain, fatigue... 

Dyspepsia, nausea, headache, pain, abdominal pain, asthenia, myalgia, accidental injury, ALT elevation... 

Antiflatulents are used for die relief of painful symptoms of excess gas in the digestive tract. These drugs are useful as adjunctive treatment of any condition in which gas retention may be a problem (ie, postoperative gaseous distention, air swallowing, dyspepsia, peptic ulcer, irritable colon, or diverticulosis). In addition to its use for tiie relief of intestinal gas, charcoal may be used in the prevention of nonspecific pruritus associated with kidney dialysis treatment and as an antidote in poisoning. Simethicone is in some antacid products, such as Mylanta liquid and Di-Gel liquid. 

The initial enthusiasm for tacrine and velnacrine, which are the anticholinesterases most studied clinically, has been tempered by the fact that not all patients respond. Most show the peripheral parasympathomimetic effects of cholinesterase inhibition, e.g. dyspepsia and diarrhoea, as well as nausea and vomiting, and about half of the patients develop hepatotoxicity with elevated levels of plasma alanine transaminase. While some peripheral effects can be attenuated with antimuscarinics that do not enter the brain, these add further side-effects and the drop-out rate from such trials is high (<75%) in most long-term studies. Donepezil appears to show less hepatotoxicity but its long-term value remains to be determined. 

Other gastrointestinal disturbances, including dyspepsia and nausea, are infrequent when low-dose aspirin is used. Aspirin therapy should be continued indefinitely. 

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