Durable press testing

Elastomeric finishes are often combined with easy-care and durable press finishes. The silicones reduce abrasion, increase tearing strength (Ehnendorf testing apparatus - ASTM D1424), and crease recovery. For equal crease resistance and durable press performance the amount of cellulose crosslinking agents can be markedly reduced in these combinations. ... 

High-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) allows the separation of soluble materials into component parts based on the partitioning of the materials between a mobile (solvent) and stationary (column packing) phase. With proper choice of solvent and column packing, separation of many types of materials is possible. HPLC has been used successfully to determine reagent residues on fabrics treated with durable press finishes as well as detennining formaldehyde levels in aqueous solutions obtained by the AATCC Test Method 112. ... 

The following sections will discuss some of the more important test methods in use for fabrics with durable press, flame-retardant, soil release, repellent, UV protective, antimicrobial, anti-insect, anti-felting, hand building and weighting finishes. 

The fabrics used in this study were prepared by the Southern Regional Lab especially for the 13 states involved in the S-163 Project. They Include 100% cotton, 100% polyester, and a 50/50 cotton/polyester blend. Fabrics are print cloth, woven construction, with a thread count of 70W x 78F, 3.5 ounce per square yard. All fabrics were wet finished and heat set. A durable press finish (DMDHEU) was applied to cotton and cotton/polyester fabrics. A water repellent fluorocarbon finish (Corpel) and an acrylic acid soil-release finish were applied to all three types of fabrics. Our preliminary findings for the AATCC spray test are reported here. 

Broad spectrum antimicrobial against G+ve and G-ve bacteria and fungi-tested -The extent of improvement in the imparted properties (antimicrobial/durable press] was determined by t q)e and concentration of cross-linker, chitosan molecular weight and cone. As well as finishing condition. 

Durable-press resin-treated fabrics and other finishing compounds are known to cause contact allergies. The incidence or prevalence is not thought to be significant. Tracing the cause of durable-press-resin dermatitis involves using patch testing with the various... 

Figure 3.12 Durability of colloidal Pd/C catalysts in the cyclooctene hydrogenation test compared with a conventional Pd/C system. (Adapted from Bonnemann, H. and Brijoux, W., in Surfactant-Stabilized Nanosized Colloidal Metals and Alloys as Catalyst Precursors/Advanced Catalysts and Nanostructured Materials, Moser, W., Ed., Academic Press, San Diego, 1996, pp. 165-196, Chap. 7. With permission from Elsevier Science.)...

De Nicola, A. J., and Bell, J. P., Synthesis and Testing of p-Diketone Coupling Agents for Improved Durability of Epoxy Adhesion to Steel, in Adhesion Aspects of Polymeric Coatings, K. L. Mittal, ed., Plenum Press, New York, 1983, p. 443. 

AATCC Test Method 88C-2003- allows the evaluation of the durability of intentional pressed-in creases to home laundering. Creased fabric samples are laundered and dried under controlled conditions similar to those in AATCC Test Method 124-2001. The washed and dried samples are then visually compared to plastic replicas (AATCC three-dimensional crease replicas) which allow ratings from 1-5, with 5 being the sharpest crease. 

At research of physical and mechanical properties of PCM received via pressing, all the above described dependences in changes of durability depending on degree of fdling and conditions of test are kept. 

Tungsten-copper-boron nitride pseudoalloy electrodes have been tested in electric discharge machining of hard alloys [101,102]. Alloys used in the manufacture of electric contacts are frequently composites of metals and a-BN, providing for increased heat durability [103]. Thus, silver cermet electrical contact material for circuit breakers is made by hot-pressing of the constituents [104 to 106]. Again, Ag/BN composite layers can also be prepared by electrodeposition [107]. Zinc alloys as used in coating sheet steel as anticorrosion layers may contain dipersed a-BN for increased weldability and corrosion resistance [108 to 111]. 

Figure 1.15(a). Statistical analysis of accelerated test data with MEA lifetime prediction done by 3M (Symbols—data points lines—model fits) [47]. (Reprinted with permission from Hicks M. Membrane and catalyst durability under accelerated testing. In Conference proceedings of fuel cell durability stationary, automotive, portable. 2005 Knowledge Press.)... 

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