Cancer ductal carcinoma

Kato M, Kitayama J, Kazama S, Nagawa H. Expression pattern of CXC chemokine receptor-4 is correlated with lymph node metastasis in human invasive ductal carcinoma. Breast Cancer Res 2003 5 144-150. 

Altmannsberger M, Dirk T, Droese M, Weber K, Osborn M (1986) Keratin polypeptide distribu tion in benign and malignant breast tumors subdivision of ductal carcinomas using monoclo nal antibodies. Virchows Arch B Cell Pathol Incl Mol Pathol 51(3) 265 275 Assefnia S, Jones LP, Torre KM, Furth PA (2006) Expression of p63 in a mouse model of Brcal mutation related breast cancer. Poster presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research, Washington, DC (Meeting Abstracts)... 

For women with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and women at high risk for breast cancer increased risk for uterine malignancies, stroke, and pulmonary embolism,... 

Tumor heterogeneity refers to the existence of distinct subpopulations of tumor cells with specific characteristics within a single neoplasm. Breast cancer is a classic example of a heterogeneous disease. First, the term breast cancer does not itself refer to a single disease. Breast cancers include many different diseases including (but not limited to) adenomas, papillomas, invasive ductal carcinoma, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) (6). 

Based on transcriptional profiling, Oncotype DX and MammaPrint, which will be described in details later in this section, have been developed and used in clinics. It has been shown that the gene expression-based microarray profiling offers tremendous potential to define subcategories of breast cancer, to predict disease relapse, to predict chemotherapy response, and to predict progression of ductal carcinoma in situ (7). 

There have been major advances in the detection of carcinoma of the breast in the past several decades. The increased use of mammography for screening and early detection has resulted in a significant increase in the diagnosis of early breast cancer and specifically ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) [92]. The number of patients found to have this lesion has grown 10-fold (from 2 to 20%) in the last decades. In the UK national health screening programme... 

Asch, H.L., J.S. Winston, S.B. Edge, P.C. Stomper, and B.B. Asch. 1999. Down-regulation of gelsolin expression in human breast ductal carcinoma in situ with and without invasion. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 55 179-88. 

National Cancer Institute. Studying blood samples from women with breast cancer or ductal carcinoma in situ who are receiving tamoxifen. NCT00764322. http //www.clinicaltrials.gov/ ct2/show/NCT00764322 term=tamoxifen+pharmacogenomics+and+university+of+north+ca rolina rank=l... 

Mendrinos S, Nolen JD, Styblo T, Carlson G, Pohl J, Lewis M, et al. Cytologic findings and protein expression profiles associated with ductal carcinoma of the breast in ductal lavage specimens using surface-enhanced laser desorption and ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. Cancer 2005 105(3) 178—183. 

Schuetz CS, Bonin M, Clare SE, Nieselt K, Sotlar K, Walter M, et al. Progression-specific genes identified by expression profiling of matched ductal carcinomas in situ and invasive breast tumors, combining laser capture microdissection and oligonucleotide microarray analysis. Cancer Res 2006 66(10) 5278—5286. 

Murphy, D., Hoare, S., Going, J., Mallon, E George, W Kaye, S Brown, R Black, D., and Keith, W. (1995) Characterization of extensive genetic alterations in ductal carcinoma in situ by fluorescence in situ hybridization and molecular analysis../. Natl. Cancer Inst. 87,1694-1704. 

Frykberg ER, Bland Kl. Overview of the biology and management of ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast. Cancer 1994 74 350-361. 

Julien JP, Bijker N, Fentiman IS, et al. Radiotherapy in breast-conserving treatment for ductal carcinoma in situ First results of the EORTC randomized phase 111 trial 10853. EORTC Breast Cancer Cooperative Group and EORTC Radiotherapy Group. Lancet 2000 355 528-533. 

Fisher B, Dignam J, Wolmark N, et al. Tamoxifen in treatment of intraductal breast cancer National surgical adjuvant breast and bowel project B-24 randomised controlled trial. Lancet 1999 353 1993-2000. Houghton J, George WD, Cuzick J, et al. Radiotherapy and tamoxifen in women with completely excised ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast in the UK, Australia, and New Zealand Randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2003 362 95-102. 

EHBT carcinomas are similar, both morphologically and immunophenotypically, to other foregut carcinomas, namely pancreatic and gastro-esophageal cancers. Their similarity to pancreatic ductal carcinoma is such that they are often classified together as pancreatobiliary-type adenocarcinoma. Mucin, in particular sialomucin, nonsulfated, or neutral types, is demonstrable by histochemical or immunohistochemical stains in almost all cases and may be abundant. ... 

Leonard GD, Swain SM. Ductal carcinoma in situ, complexities and challenges. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2004 96 906-920. 

Li Cl, Malone KE, Saltzman BS, et al. Risk of invasive breast carcinoma among women diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ and lobular carcinoma in situ, 1988-2001. Cancer. 2006 106 2104-2112. 

Bryan BB, Schnitt SJ, Collins LC. Ductal carcinoma in situ with basal-like phenotype A possible precursor to invasive basal-like breast cancer. Mod Pathol. 2006 19 617-621. 

Schmid, B. C., Rudas, M., et al. (2004). CXCR4 is expressed in ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast and in atypical ductal hyperplasia. Breast Cancer Res Treat 84(3) 247-50. 

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