Discharge of substances

Numerous accidental spills of sodium cyanide or potassium cyanide into rivers and streams have resulted in massive kills of fishes, amphibians, aquatic insects, and aquatic vegetation. Sources of poisonings were storage reservoirs of concentrated solutions, overturned rail tank cars, or discharge of substances generating free HCN in the water from hydrolysis or decomposition (Leduc... 

Groundwater Directive (80/68/ EEC) Relates to the protection of groundwater quality from certain substances. It prohibits the discharge of substances/groups of substances in List 1 and requires pollution to be minimised from other substances in List 2. New arrangements will include requirements on monitoring and reporting. 

Discharge restrictions that may be in force to limit discharge of substances considered to be environmentally unacceptable (see earlier). 

While the chemically unstressed drainage ditch shows the natural water temperature , a higher water temperature will prevail if there is a constant discharge of substances, and over the time period of flow, this temperature will eventually revert to the natural water temperature E. 

In addition, the DoE proposed EQSs in a 1991 consultation document for those pesticides on the Red List (the UK s original priority hazardous substances list). Although non-statutory, the Government is committed to the reduction of Red List Substances discharging to the North Sea and the NRA uses the standards to assess the effects of these substances on the environment and to derive consents for point source discharges of these compounds. Failures for agricultural pesticides are rare. 

Discharges of hazardous substances due to failure or holes in heat exchangers... 

EEC Directive on the discharge of dangerous substances (Eramework Directive)... 

Stationary batteries serve predominantly as an emergency power supply, i.e., they are on continuous standby in order to be discharged for brief periods and sometimes deeply, up to 100 percent of nominal capacity, in the rare case of need. The following profile of requirements for the separator thus arises very low electrical resistance, low acid displacement, no leaching of substances harmful to float-... 

Discharge of trade effluent into a sewer requires a consent from the Sewerage Undertaker under a procedure set out in the Public Health (Drainage of Trade Premises) Act 1961, Control of Pollution Act 1974 and Water Act 1989. The Environmental Protection Act 1990 is also applicable to prescribed processes and substances. 

An alternative strategy is for the microorganism to kill the phagocyte. This can be achieved by the production of leucocidins (e.g. staphylococci, streptococci) which promote the discharge of lysosomal substances into the cytoplasm of the phagocyte rather than into the vacuole, thus directing the phagocyte s lethal activity towards itself. 

Fig. 3 Relationship between direct discharges of DeBDE to water in kg/year from a hypothetical e-waste side and the partitioning of the substance between sediment and water phase...

PAHs are widespread environmental contaminants resulting from combustion, discharge of fossil fuels, and automobile exhausts [29]. As they are hydrophobic substances, they are strongly adsorbed to the organic fraction of SEs and soils. A different spatial distribution of PAHs was obtained for each of the three analyzed years. However, the upper course of the Ebro River was the most affected area by this contamination during the whole period of study. In Fig. 10, larger dots represent higher contributions of this PAHs contamination pattern than smaller dots. In the year 2004 (upper map on the left of Fig. 10), samples R0 (the closest to the river source) and T8 (an industrial place located in Navarra) were the most affected sites by PAHs contamination. As a result of its location, R0 was not... 

For the past 50 years the determination of the sanitary quality of water has been based on the enumeration of indicator micro-organisms (e.g. coliform bacteria). The adequacy of coliform enumeration methods for this purpose has been questioned [21]. The current trend of year-round disinfection of waste water effluents and the increasing discharge of both toxic substances and heat from industrial outfalls cast further doubt on the accuracy of biological indicator systems [22]. 

---