Discharge nozzle

In the case of the nozzle disk centrifuge, the flow of the soHds phase through the discharge nozzles may be so restricted that an excessive layer can accumulate inside the bowl sheU. When this layer reaches the zone utilized by the fresh feed stream entering the disk stack, reentrainment of the sedimented soHds by the fresh feed may lead to poor sedimentation performance. 

Polymer or scale buildup in discharge nozzle areas. 

The mathematical solution for maximum vacuum is based on Eq. (26-56), which solves the NPSH equation for this value of the fluid height. The nomenclature used contains only positive numbers for elevation, with the base point being set at the tank s discharge nozzle (analogous to the gravity-discharge case). 

This is the pressure at the pump discharge nozzle as measured by a gauge. It is equal to the suction pressure plus the total pressure developed by the pump. 

In simple terms we could say that NPSH is the reason that the suction nozzle is generally larger than the discharge nozzle. If there is more liquid leaving the pump faster than the liquid can enter into the pump, then the pump is being starved of liquid. 

When cavitation occurs in a pump, its efficiency is reduced. It ean akso cause sudden surges in flow and pressure at the discharge nozzle. The calculation of the NPSITr (the pump s minimum required energy) and the NPSITa (the system s available energy), is based on an understanding of the lic]uid s absolute vapor pressure. 

Remember that pumps don t actually generate flow (no pump in the world can convert three gallons per minute at the suction nozzle into four gallons per minute out of the discharge nozzle), but this is the term used in the industry. 

Many packed pumps have an installed discharge bypass line running from the discharge nozzle of the pump to the packing box. This line... 

From a process point of view, the flow should be joined prior to evitinc the discharge nozzle. 

Capability to control and extinguish the anticipated fire condition without outside assistance, unless planned for (dependent on requisite spacing of discharge nozzles to cover all areas at risk, application rates, discharge times, quantities of extinguishant available). 

A slight increase in pressure above P, from within the vessel will lift the valve disk up and hence relive the vapor through the discharge nozzle of the valve. 

The discharge head of a pump is the head measured at the discharge nozzle (gauge or absolute), and is composed of the same basic factors previously summarized 1. static head 2. friction losses through pipe, fittings, contractions, expansions, entrances and exits 3. terminal system pressure. 

With no other available escape route, the fluid is passed to the outside of the impeller by centrifugal force and into the volute where its kinetic energy is converted into pressure. At the point of discharge (i.e., discharge nozzle), the fluid is highly pressurized compared to its pressure at the inlet nozzle of the pump. This pressure drives the... 

The simple tank discharge problem of Sec. 1.2.3.1 has been extended by Szekely and Themelis (1971) to cover the discharge of molten steel from a ladle into a vacuum degassing chamber the transfer being effected via a discharge nozzle, in which the effects of both friction and wear can be important. 

Figure 12-4 Schematic of disk-bowl centrifuge 1, Ring 2, bowl 3,4, collectors for products 5, feed tank 6, tube 7,8, discharge nozzles 9,10, funnels for collectors 11, through channels 12, bowl 13, bottom 14, thick-walled tube 15 hole for guide 16, disk fixator 17, disks 18 central tube (From Azbel and Cheremisinoff, 1983.)...

The safety valve is for gas service. Safety valves pop open when the pressure exceeds the set pressure. This is accomplished by using a discharge nozzle that directs high-velocity material toward the valve seat. After blowdown of the excess pressure, the valve reseats at approximately 4% below the set pressure the valve has a 4% blowdown. 

In electrostatic atomization, an electrical potential is applied between a liquid to be atomized and an electrode placed in the spray at a certain distance from liquid discharge nozzle. As a result of the mutual repulsion of like charges accumulated on the liquid surface, the surface becomes unstable and disrupts when the pressure due to the electrostatic forces exceeds the surface tension forces of the liquid. Droplets will be generated continuously if the electrical potential is maintained above a critical value consistent with liquid flow rate. Both DC and AC systems have been employed to provide high electrical potentials for generating fine droplets. Many configurations of electrode have been developed, such as hypodermic needles, sintered bronze filters, and cones. 

Generally, the droplet size generated in electrostatic atomization is a function of applied electrical potential, electrode size and configuration, liquid flow rate, liquid nozzle diameter, and liquid properties such as surface tension, dielectric constant and electrical conductivity.[121] [124] When a low electrical potential is applied to a liquid, a stream of relatively uniform droplets will form below the liquid discharge nozzle. As the applied electrical potential is increased, the droplets produced become smaller, and the liquid velocity and droplet production rate both increase, with concomitant... 

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